Lines Matching refs:zones
14 write zones of the device must be written sequentially starting from the end
34 space that is divided into zones. A zone is a group of consecutive LBAs and all
35 zones are contiguous (there are no LBA gaps). Zones may have different types.
37 * Conventional zones: there are no access constraints to LBAs belonging to
38 conventional zones. Any read or write access can be executed, similarly to a
40 * Sequential zones: these zones accept random reads but must be written
44 cannot be overwritten. Sequential zones must first be erased using a special
60 Zonefs exposes the zones of a zoned block device as files. The files
61 representing zones are grouped by zone type, which are themselves represented
85 Files representing zones of the same type are grouped together under the same
88 For conventional zones, the sub-directory "cnv" is used. This directory is
89 however created if and only if the device has usable conventional zones. If
94 For sequential write zones, the sub-directory "seq" is used.
108 of zones of a particular type. That is, both the "cnv" and "seq" directories
167 * Conventional zone aggregation: ranges of contiguous conventional zones can be
187 would be a defective write head on an HDD (all zones under this head are
195 on an HDD causing all zones on the platter under the broken head to be
201 enforces sequential file write for sequential zones, unaligned write errors
252 file attributes and data modification. For offline zones, all permissions
290 * Access permission and file size changes due to the device transitioning zones
295 zones to the read-only condition are permanent. Remounting or reformatting
298 zone-offline mount options are temporary for zones in a good condition.
302 actions, that is, file size fixes for zones in a good condition. Zones
327 The handling of read-only zones also differs between mount-time and run-time.
329 same manner as offline zones, that is, all accesses are disabled and the zone
330 file size set to 0. This is necessary as the write pointer of read-only zones
340 the number of zones that can be active, that is, zones that are in the
346 To avoid these potential errors, the "explicit-open" mount option forces zones
365 to the maximum number of explicitly or implicitly open zones that the device
368 state of other zones. When the *explicit-open* mount option is used, zonefs
383 used). This number is always equal to the maximum number of active zones that
406 The following formats a 15TB host-managed SMR HDD with 256 MB zones
407 with the conventional zones aggregation feature enabled::
417 existing for each type of zones. In this example, there is only one
418 conventional zone file (all conventional zones are aggregated under a single
430 The "seq" sub-directory grouping files for sequential write zones has in this
431 example 55356 zones::
467 Since files are statically mapped to zones on the disk, the number of blocks