// vi:set ft=cpp: -*- Mode: C++ -*-
/*
 * (c) 2014 Alexander Warg <alexander.warg@kernkonzept.com>
 *
 * This file is part of TUD:OS and distributed under the terms of the
 * GNU General Public License 2.
 * Please see the COPYING-GPL-2 file for details.
 *
 * As a special exception, you may use this file as part of a free software
 * library without restriction.  Specifically, if other files instantiate
 * templates or use macros or inline functions from this file, or you compile
 * this file and link it with other files to produce an executable, this
 * file does not by itself cause the resulting executable to be covered by
 * the GNU General Public License.  This exception does not however
 * invalidate any other reasons why the executable file might be covered by
 * the GNU General Public License.
 */
#pragma once
#pragma GCC system_header

#include "types"
#include "ipc_basics"

namespace L4 { namespace Ipc L4_EXPORT {

template< typename T, template <typename X> class B >
struct Generic_va_type : B<T>
{
  enum { Id = B<T>::Id };
  typedef B<T> ID;
  typedef T const &Ret_value;
  typedef T Value;

  static Ret_value value(void const *d)
  { return *reinterpret_cast<Value const *>(d); }

  static void const *addr_of(Value const &v) { return &v; }

  static unsigned size(void const *) { return sizeof(T); }

  static L4_varg_type unsigned_id() { return (L4_varg_type)(Id & ~L4_VARG_TYPE_SIGN); }
  static L4_varg_type signed_id() { return (L4_varg_type)(Id | L4_VARG_TYPE_SIGN); }
  static L4_varg_type id() { return (L4_varg_type)Id; }
};

template< typename T > struct Va_type_id;
template<> struct Va_type_id<l4_umword_t>  { enum { Id = L4_VARG_TYPE_UMWORD }; };
template<> struct Va_type_id<l4_mword_t>   { enum { Id = L4_VARG_TYPE_MWORD }; };
template<> struct Va_type_id<l4_fpage_t>   { enum { Id = L4_VARG_TYPE_FPAGE }; };
template<> struct Va_type_id<void>         { enum { Id = L4_VARG_TYPE_NIL }; };
template<> struct Va_type_id<char const *> { enum { Id = L4_VARG_TYPE_STRING }; };

template< typename T > struct Va_type;

template<> struct Va_type<l4_umword_t> : Generic_va_type<l4_umword_t, Va_type_id> {};
template<> struct Va_type<l4_mword_t> : Generic_va_type<l4_mword_t, Va_type_id> {};
template<> struct Va_type<l4_fpage_t> : Generic_va_type<l4_fpage_t, Va_type_id> {};

template<> struct Va_type<void>
{
  typedef void Ret_value;
  typedef void Value;

  static void const *addr_of(void) { return 0; }

  static void value(void const *) {}
  static L4_varg_type id() { return L4_VARG_TYPE_NIL; }
  static unsigned size(void const *) { return 0; }
};

template<> struct Va_type<char const *>
{
  typedef char const *Ret_value;
  typedef char const *Value;

  static void const *addr_of(Value v) { return v; }

  static L4_varg_type id() { return L4_VARG_TYPE_STRING; }
  static unsigned size(void const *s)
  {
    char const *_s = reinterpret_cast<char const *>(s);
    int l = 1;
    while (*_s)
      {
        ++_s; ++l;
      }
    return l;
  }

  static Ret_value value(void const *d) { return (char const *)d; }
};

/**
 * Variably sized RPC argument.
 */
class Varg
{
private:
  enum { Direct_data = 0x8000 };
  l4_umword_t _tag;
  char const *_d;

public:

  /// The data type for the tag
  typedef l4_umword_t Tag;

  /// \return the type field of the tag
  L4_varg_type type() const { return (L4_varg_type)(_tag & 0xff); }
  /**
   * Get the size of the RPC argument
   * \return  The size of the RPC argument
   */
  unsigned length() const { return _tag >> 16; }
  /// \return the tag value (the Direct_data bit masked)
  Tag tag() const { return _tag & ~Direct_data; }
  /// Set Varg tag (usually from message)
  void tag(Tag tag) { _tag = tag; }
  /// Set Varg to indirect data value (usually in UTCB)
  void data(char const *d) { _d = d; }

  /// \return pointer to the data, also safe for direct data
  char const *data() const
  {
    if (_tag & Direct_data)
      {
        union T { char const *d; char v[sizeof(char const *)]; };
        return reinterpret_cast<T const *>(&_d)->v;
      }
    return _d;
  }

  /// Make uninitialized Varg
#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
  Varg() = default;
#else
  Varg() {}
#endif

  /// Make an indirect varg
  Varg(L4_varg_type t, void const  *v, int len)
  : _tag(t | ((l4_mword_t)len << 16)), _d((char const *)v)
  {}

  static Varg nil() { return Varg(L4_VARG_TYPE_NIL, 0, 0); }

  /**
   * \tparam V  The data type of the value to retrieve.
   * \pre The Varg must be of type \a V (otherwise the result
   *      is unpredictable).
   * \return The value of the Varg as type V.
   */
  template< typename V >
  typename Va_type<V>::Ret_value value() const
  {
    if (_tag & Direct_data)
      {
        union X { char const *d; V v; };
        return reinterpret_cast<X const &>(_d).v;
      }

    return Va_type<V>::value(_d);
  }


  /// \return true if the Varg is of type T
  template< typename T >
  bool is_of() const { return Va_type<T>::id() == type(); }

  /// \return true if the Varg is of nil type.
  bool is_nil() const { return is_of<void>(); }

  /// \return true if the Varg is an integer type (signed or unsigned).
  bool is_of_int() const
  { return (type() & ~L4_VARG_TYPE_SIGN) == L4_VARG_TYPE_UMWORD; }

  /**
   * Get the value of the Varg as type T.
   * \tparam T  The expected type of the Varg.
   * \param  v  Pointer to store the value
   * \return true when the Varg is of type T, false if not
   */
  template< typename T >
  bool get_value(typename Va_type<T>::Value *v) const
  {
    if (!is_of<T>())
      return false;

    *v = this->value<T>();
    return true;
  }

  /// Set to indirect value of type T
  template< typename T >
  void set_value(void const *d)
  {
    typedef Va_type<T> Vt;
    _tag = Vt::id() | (Vt::size(d) << 16);
    _d = (char const *)d;
  }

  /// Set to directly stored value of type T
  template<typename T>
  void set_direct_value(T val, typename L4::Types::Enable_if<sizeof(T) <= sizeof(char const *), bool>::type = true)
  {
    static_assert(sizeof(T) <= sizeof(char const *), "direct Varg value too big");
    typedef Va_type<T> Vt;
    _tag = Vt::id() | (sizeof(T) << 16) | Direct_data;
    union X { char const *d; T v; };
    reinterpret_cast<X &>(_d).v = val;
  }

  /// Make Varg from indirect value (pointer)
  template<typename T> explicit
  Varg(T const *data) { set_value<T>(data); }
  /// Make Varg from null-terminated string
  Varg(char const *data) { set_value<char const *>(data); }

  /// Make Varg from direct value
  template<typename T> explicit
  Varg(T data, typename L4::Types::Enable_if<sizeof(T) <= sizeof(char const *), bool>::type = true)
  { set_direct_value<T>(data); }
};


template<typename T>
class Varg_t : public Varg
{
public:
  typedef typename Va_type<T>::Value Value;
  explicit Varg_t(Value v) : Varg()
  { _data = v; set_value<T>(Va_type<T>::addr_of(_data)); }

private:
  Value _data;
};

template<unsigned MAX = L4_UTCB_GENERIC_DATA_SIZE>
class Varg_list;

/**
 * List of variable-sized RPC parameters as received by the server.
 *
 * The list can be traversed exactly once using \a next().
 *
 * This is a reference list, where the returned Varg point to
 * data in the underlying storage, conventionally the UTCB.
 * This type should only be used in server functions when the
 * implementation can ensure that all content is read before
 * the UTCB is reused (e.g. for IPC), otherwise use Varg_list.
 */
class Varg_list_ref
{
private:
  template<unsigned T>
  friend class Varg_list;

  /// Iterator state of a Varg list
  class Iter_state
  {
  private:
    using M = l4_umword_t; ///< internal shortcut for msg words
    using Mp = M const *;  ///< internal shortcut for msg pointer
    Mp _c; ///< current position of an iterator
    Mp _e; ///< end of the message (first word behind)

    /// get pointer to the start of the next Varg
    Mp next_arg(Varg const &a) const
    {
      return _c + 1 + (Msg::align_to<M>(a.length()) / sizeof(M));
    }

  public:
    /// default (invalid/empty/end) state
    Iter_state() : _c(nullptr) {}

    /// create a state for varg at c, end at e
    Iter_state(Mp c, Mp e) : _c(c), _e(e)
    {}

    /// return true if the state is valid (not end)
    bool valid() const
    { return _c && _c < _e; }

    /// get the current position (of current Varg)
    Mp begin() const { return _c; }

    /// get the end of the message (behind last Varg)
    Mp end() const { return _e; }

    /**
     * Pop the first Varg from the list
     * (Varg::nil() if there are no more)
     */
    Varg pop()
    {
      if (!valid())
        return Varg::nil();

      Varg a;
      a.tag(_c[0]);
      a.data(reinterpret_cast<char const *>(&_c[1]));
      _c = next_arg(a);
      if (_c > _e)
        return Varg::nil();

      return a;
    }

    /// equality of two Iter_state objects
    bool operator == (Iter_state const &o) const
    { return _c == o._c; }

    /// inequality of two Iter_state objects
    bool operator != (Iter_state const &o) const
    { return _c != o._c; }
  };

  Iter_state _s; ///< current state of the Valist

public:
  /// Create an empty parameter list.
  Varg_list_ref() = default;

  /**
   *  Create a parameter list over a given memory region.
   *
   *  \param start Pointer to start of the parameter list.
   *  \param end   Pointer to end of the list (inclusive).
   */
  Varg_list_ref(void const *start, void const *end)
  : _s(reinterpret_cast<l4_umword_t const *>(start),
       reinterpret_cast<l4_umword_t const *>(end))
  {}

  /// Iterator for Valists
  class Iterator
  {
  private:
    Iter_state _s; ///< The current position (next unread arg)
    Varg _a; ///< The current Varg read from the list

  public:
    /// Create a new iterator
    Iterator(Iter_state const &s)
    : _s(s)
    {
      _a = _s.pop();
    }

    /// validity check for the iterator
    explicit operator bool () const
    { return !_a.is_nil(); }

    /// increment iterator to the next arg
    Iterator &operator ++ ()
    {
      if (!_a.is_nil())
        _a = _s.pop();

      return *this;
    }

    /// dereference the iterator, get Varg
    Varg operator * () const
    { return _a; }

    /// check for equality
    bool equals(Iterator const &o) const
    {
      if (_a.is_nil() && o._a.is_nil())
        return true;

      return _s ==  o._s;
    }

    bool operator == (Iterator const &o) const
    { return equals(o); }

    bool operator != (Iterator const &o) const
    { return !equals(o); }
  };

  /// Get the next parameter in the list.
  Varg pop_front()
  { return _s.pop(); }

  /// Get the next parameter in the list.
  Varg next()
    L4_DEPRECATED("Use range for or pop_front.")
  { return _s.pop(); }

  /// Returns an interator to the first Varg
  Iterator begin() const
  { return Iterator(_s); }

  /// Returns the end of the list
  Iterator end() const
  { return Iterator(Iter_state()); }
};

/**
 * Self-contained list of variable-sized RPC parameters.
 *
 * Works like Varg_list_ref but contains a full copy of the data.
 * Use this as a parameter in server functions, if the handler function
 * needs to use the UTCB (e.g. while sending further IPC).
 */
template<unsigned MAX>
class Varg_list : public Varg_list_ref
{
  l4_umword_t data[MAX];
  Varg_list(Varg_list const &);

public:
  /// Create a parameter list as a copy from a referencing list.
  Varg_list(Varg_list_ref const &r)
  {
    if (!r._s.valid())
      return;

    l4_umword_t const *rs = r._s.begin();
    unsigned c = r._s.end() - rs;
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < c; ++i)
      data[i] = rs[i];

    this->_s = Iter_state(data, data + c);
  }
};


namespace Msg {
template<> struct Elem<Varg const *>
{
  typedef Varg const *arg_type;
  typedef Varg_list_ref svr_type;
  typedef Varg_list_ref svr_arg_type;
  enum { Is_optional = false };
};

template<> struct Is_valid_rpc_type<Varg> : L4::Types::False {};
template<> struct Is_valid_rpc_type<Varg *> : L4::Types::False {};
template<> struct Is_valid_rpc_type<Varg &> : L4::Types::False {};
template<> struct Is_valid_rpc_type<Varg const &> : L4::Types::False {};

template<> struct Direction<Varg const *> : Dir_in {};
template<> struct Class<Varg const *> : Cls_data {};

template<typename DIR, typename CLASS>
struct Clnt_val_ops<Varg, DIR, CLASS>;

template<>
struct Clnt_val_ops<Varg, Dir_in, Cls_data> :
  Clnt_noops<Varg const &>
{
  using Clnt_noops<Varg const &>::to_msg;
  static int to_msg(char *msg, unsigned offs, unsigned limit,
                    Varg const &a, Dir_in, Cls_data)
  {
    for (Varg const *i = &a; i->tag(); ++i)
      {
        offs = align_to<l4_umword_t>(offs);
        if (L4_UNLIKELY(!check_size<l4_umword_t>(offs, limit)))
          return -L4_EMSGTOOLONG;
        *reinterpret_cast<l4_umword_t*>(msg + offs) = i->tag();
        offs += sizeof(l4_umword_t);
        if (L4_UNLIKELY(!check_size<char>(offs, limit, i->length())))
          return -L4_EMSGTOOLONG;
        char const *d = i->data();
        for (unsigned x = 0; x < i->length(); ++x)
          msg[offs++] = *d++;
      }

    return offs;
  }
};

template<>
struct Svr_val_ops<Varg_list_ref, Dir_in, Cls_data> :
  Svr_noops<Varg_list_ref>
{
  using Svr_noops<Varg_list_ref>::to_svr;
  static int to_svr(char *msg, unsigned offset, unsigned limit,
                    Varg_list_ref &a, Dir_in, Cls_data)
  {
    unsigned start = align_to<l4_umword_t>(offset);
    unsigned offs;
    for (offs = start; offs < limit;)
      {
        unsigned noffs = align_to<l4_umword_t>(offs);
        if (L4_UNLIKELY(!check_size<l4_umword_t>(noffs, limit)))
          break;

        offs = noffs;
        Varg arg;
        arg.tag(*reinterpret_cast<l4_umword_t*>(msg + offs));

        if (!arg.tag())
          break;

        offs += sizeof(l4_umword_t);

        if (L4_UNLIKELY(!check_size<char>(offs, limit, arg.length())))
          return -L4_EMSGTOOLONG;
        offs += arg.length();
      }

    a = Varg_list_ref(msg + start, msg + align_to<l4_umword_t>(offs));
    return offs;
  }
};
}
}}