1 /*
2   Simple DirectMedia Layer
3   Copyright (C) 1997-2020 Sam Lantinga <slouken@libsdl.org>
4 
5   This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
6   warranty.  In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
7   arising from the use of this software.
8 
9   Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
10   including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
11   freely, subject to the following restrictions:
12 
13   1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
14      claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
15      in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
16      appreciated but is not required.
17   2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
18      misrepresented as being the original software.
19   3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.
20 */
21 
22 #ifndef SDL_thread_h_
23 #define SDL_thread_h_
24 
25 /**
26  *  \file SDL_thread.h
27  *
28  *  Header for the SDL thread management routines.
29  */
30 
31 #include "SDL_stdinc.h"
32 #include "SDL_error.h"
33 
34 /* Thread synchronization primitives */
35 #include "SDL_atomic.h"
36 #include "SDL_mutex.h"
37 
38 #include "begin_code.h"
39 /* Set up for C function definitions, even when using C++ */
40 #ifdef __cplusplus
41 extern "C" {
42 #endif
43 
44 /* The SDL thread structure, defined in SDL_thread.c */
45 struct SDL_Thread;
46 typedef struct SDL_Thread SDL_Thread;
47 
48 /* The SDL thread ID */
49 typedef unsigned long SDL_threadID;
50 
51 /* Thread local storage ID, 0 is the invalid ID */
52 typedef unsigned int SDL_TLSID;
53 
54 /**
55  *  The SDL thread priority.
56  *
57  *  SDL will make system changes as necessary in order to apply the thread priority.
58  *  Code which attempts to control thread state related to priority should be aware
59  *  that calling SDL_SetThreadPriority may alter such state.
60  *  SDL_HINT_THREAD_PRIORITY_POLICY can be used to control aspects of this behavior.
61  *
62  *  \note On many systems you require special privileges to set high or time critical priority.
63  */
64 typedef enum {
65     SDL_THREAD_PRIORITY_LOW,
66     SDL_THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL,
67     SDL_THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGH,
68     SDL_THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL
69 } SDL_ThreadPriority;
70 
71 /**
72  *  The function passed to SDL_CreateThread().
73  *  It is passed a void* user context parameter and returns an int.
74  */
75 typedef int (SDLCALL * SDL_ThreadFunction) (void *data);
76 
77 #if defined(__WIN32__)
78 /**
79  *  \file SDL_thread.h
80  *
81  *  We compile SDL into a DLL. This means, that it's the DLL which
82  *  creates a new thread for the calling process with the SDL_CreateThread()
83  *  API. There is a problem with this, that only the RTL of the SDL2.DLL will
84  *  be initialized for those threads, and not the RTL of the calling
85  *  application!
86  *
87  *  To solve this, we make a little hack here.
88  *
89  *  We'll always use the caller's _beginthread() and _endthread() APIs to
90  *  start a new thread. This way, if it's the SDL2.DLL which uses this API,
91  *  then the RTL of SDL2.DLL will be used to create the new thread, and if it's
92  *  the application, then the RTL of the application will be used.
93  *
94  *  So, in short:
95  *  Always use the _beginthread() and _endthread() of the calling runtime
96  *  library!
97  */
98 #define SDL_PASSED_BEGINTHREAD_ENDTHREAD
99 #include <process.h> /* _beginthreadex() and _endthreadex() */
100 
101 typedef uintptr_t (__cdecl * pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread)
102                    (void *, unsigned, unsigned (__stdcall *func)(void *),
103                     void * /*arg*/, unsigned, unsigned * /* threadID */);
104 typedef void (__cdecl * pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread) (unsigned code);
105 
106 #ifndef SDL_beginthread
107 #define SDL_beginthread _beginthreadex
108 #endif
109 #ifndef SDL_endthread
110 #define SDL_endthread _endthreadex
111 #endif
112 
113 /**
114  *  Create a thread.
115  */
116 extern DECLSPEC SDL_Thread *SDLCALL
117 SDL_CreateThread(SDL_ThreadFunction fn, const char *name, void *data,
118                  pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread pfnBeginThread,
119                  pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread pfnEndThread);
120 
121 extern DECLSPEC SDL_Thread *SDLCALL
122 SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize(int (SDLCALL * fn) (void *),
123                  const char *name, const size_t stacksize, void *data,
124                  pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread pfnBeginThread,
125                  pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread pfnEndThread);
126 
127 
128 /**
129  *  Create a thread.
130  */
131 #if defined(SDL_CreateThread) && SDL_DYNAMIC_API
132 #undef SDL_CreateThread
133 #define SDL_CreateThread(fn, name, data) SDL_CreateThread_REAL(fn, name, data, (pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread)SDL_beginthread, (pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread)SDL_endthread)
134 #undef SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize
135 #define SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize(fn, name, stacksize, data) SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize_REAL(fn, name, stacksize, data, (pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread)SDL_beginthread, (pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread)SDL_endthread)
136 #else
137 #define SDL_CreateThread(fn, name, data) SDL_CreateThread(fn, name, data, (pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread)SDL_beginthread, (pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread)SDL_endthread)
138 #define SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize(fn, name, stacksize, data) SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize(fn, name, data, (pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread)_beginthreadex, (pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread)SDL_endthread)
139 #endif
140 
141 #elif defined(__OS2__)
142 /*
143  * just like the windows case above:  We compile SDL2
144  * into a dll with Watcom's runtime statically linked.
145  */
146 #define SDL_PASSED_BEGINTHREAD_ENDTHREAD
147 
148 #ifndef __EMX__
149 #include <process.h>
150 #else
151 #include <stdlib.h>
152 #endif
153 
154 typedef int (*pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread)(void (*func)(void *), void *, unsigned, void * /*arg*/);
155 typedef void (*pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread)(void);
156 
157 #ifndef SDL_beginthread
158 #define SDL_beginthread _beginthread
159 #endif
160 #ifndef SDL_endthread
161 #define SDL_endthread _endthread
162 #endif
163 
164 extern DECLSPEC SDL_Thread *SDLCALL
165 SDL_CreateThread(SDL_ThreadFunction fn, const char *name, void *data,
166                  pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread pfnBeginThread,
167                  pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread pfnEndThread);
168 extern DECLSPEC SDL_Thread *SDLCALL
169 SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize(SDL_ThreadFunction fn, const char *name, const size_t stacksize, void *data,
170                  pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread pfnBeginThread,
171                  pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread pfnEndThread);
172 
173 #if defined(SDL_CreateThread) && SDL_DYNAMIC_API
174 #undef SDL_CreateThread
175 #define SDL_CreateThread(fn, name, data) SDL_CreateThread_REAL(fn, name, data, (pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread)SDL_beginthread, (pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread)SDL_endthread)
176 #undef SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize
177 #define SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize(fn, name, stacksize, data) SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize_REAL(fn, name, data, (pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread)SDL_beginthread, (pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread)SDL_endthread)
178 #else
179 #define SDL_CreateThread(fn, name, data) SDL_CreateThread(fn, name, data, (pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread)SDL_beginthread, (pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread)SDL_endthread)
180 #define SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize(fn, name, stacksize, data) SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize(fn, name, stacksize, data, (pfnSDL_CurrentBeginThread)SDL_beginthread, (pfnSDL_CurrentEndThread)SDL_endthread)
181 #endif
182 
183 #else
184 
185 /**
186  *  Create a thread with a default stack size.
187  *
188  *  This is equivalent to calling:
189  *  SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize(fn, name, 0, data);
190  */
191 extern DECLSPEC SDL_Thread *SDLCALL
192 SDL_CreateThread(SDL_ThreadFunction fn, const char *name, void *data);
193 
194 /**
195  *  Create a thread.
196  *
197  *   Thread naming is a little complicated: Most systems have very small
198  *    limits for the string length (Haiku has 32 bytes, Linux currently has 16,
199  *    Visual C++ 6.0 has nine!), and possibly other arbitrary rules. You'll
200  *    have to see what happens with your system's debugger. The name should be
201  *    UTF-8 (but using the naming limits of C identifiers is a better bet).
202  *   There are no requirements for thread naming conventions, so long as the
203  *    string is null-terminated UTF-8, but these guidelines are helpful in
204  *    choosing a name:
205  *
206  *    http://stackoverflow.com/questions/149932/naming-conventions-for-threads
207  *
208  *   If a system imposes requirements, SDL will try to munge the string for
209  *    it (truncate, etc), but the original string contents will be available
210  *    from SDL_GetThreadName().
211  *
212  *   The size (in bytes) of the new stack can be specified. Zero means "use
213  *    the system default" which might be wildly different between platforms
214  *    (x86 Linux generally defaults to eight megabytes, an embedded device
215  *    might be a few kilobytes instead).
216  *
217  *   In SDL 2.1, stacksize will be folded into the original SDL_CreateThread
218  *    function.
219  */
220 extern DECLSPEC SDL_Thread *SDLCALL
221 SDL_CreateThreadWithStackSize(SDL_ThreadFunction fn, const char *name, const size_t stacksize, void *data);
222 
223 #endif
224 
225 /**
226  * Get the thread name, as it was specified in SDL_CreateThread().
227  *  This function returns a pointer to a UTF-8 string that names the
228  *  specified thread, or NULL if it doesn't have a name. This is internal
229  *  memory, not to be free()'d by the caller, and remains valid until the
230  *  specified thread is cleaned up by SDL_WaitThread().
231  */
232 extern DECLSPEC const char *SDLCALL SDL_GetThreadName(SDL_Thread *thread);
233 
234 /**
235  *  Get the thread identifier for the current thread.
236  */
237 extern DECLSPEC SDL_threadID SDLCALL SDL_ThreadID(void);
238 
239 /**
240  *  Get the thread identifier for the specified thread.
241  *
242  *  Equivalent to SDL_ThreadID() if the specified thread is NULL.
243  */
244 extern DECLSPEC SDL_threadID SDLCALL SDL_GetThreadID(SDL_Thread * thread);
245 
246 /**
247  *  Set the priority for the current thread
248  */
249 extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_SetThreadPriority(SDL_ThreadPriority priority);
250 
251 /**
252  *  Wait for a thread to finish. Threads that haven't been detached will
253  *  remain (as a "zombie") until this function cleans them up. Not doing so
254  *  is a resource leak.
255  *
256  *  Once a thread has been cleaned up through this function, the SDL_Thread
257  *  that references it becomes invalid and should not be referenced again.
258  *  As such, only one thread may call SDL_WaitThread() on another.
259  *
260  *  The return code for the thread function is placed in the area
261  *  pointed to by \c status, if \c status is not NULL.
262  *
263  *  You may not wait on a thread that has been used in a call to
264  *  SDL_DetachThread(). Use either that function or this one, but not
265  *  both, or behavior is undefined.
266  *
267  *  It is safe to pass NULL to this function; it is a no-op.
268  */
269 extern DECLSPEC void SDLCALL SDL_WaitThread(SDL_Thread * thread, int *status);
270 
271 /**
272  *  A thread may be "detached" to signify that it should not remain until
273  *  another thread has called SDL_WaitThread() on it. Detaching a thread
274  *  is useful for long-running threads that nothing needs to synchronize
275  *  with or further manage. When a detached thread is done, it simply
276  *  goes away.
277  *
278  *  There is no way to recover the return code of a detached thread. If you
279  *  need this, don't detach the thread and instead use SDL_WaitThread().
280  *
281  *  Once a thread is detached, you should usually assume the SDL_Thread isn't
282  *  safe to reference again, as it will become invalid immediately upon
283  *  the detached thread's exit, instead of remaining until someone has called
284  *  SDL_WaitThread() to finally clean it up. As such, don't detach the same
285  *  thread more than once.
286  *
287  *  If a thread has already exited when passed to SDL_DetachThread(), it will
288  *  stop waiting for a call to SDL_WaitThread() and clean up immediately.
289  *  It is not safe to detach a thread that might be used with SDL_WaitThread().
290  *
291  *  You may not call SDL_WaitThread() on a thread that has been detached.
292  *  Use either that function or this one, but not both, or behavior is
293  *  undefined.
294  *
295  *  It is safe to pass NULL to this function; it is a no-op.
296  */
297 extern DECLSPEC void SDLCALL SDL_DetachThread(SDL_Thread * thread);
298 
299 /**
300  *  \brief Create an identifier that is globally visible to all threads but refers to data that is thread-specific.
301  *
302  *  \return The newly created thread local storage identifier, or 0 on error
303  *
304  *  \code
305  *  static SDL_SpinLock tls_lock;
306  *  static SDL_TLSID thread_local_storage;
307  *
308  *  void SetMyThreadData(void *value)
309  *  {
310  *      if (!thread_local_storage) {
311  *          SDL_AtomicLock(&tls_lock);
312  *          if (!thread_local_storage) {
313  *              thread_local_storage = SDL_TLSCreate();
314  *          }
315  *          SDL_AtomicUnlock(&tls_lock);
316  *      }
317  *      SDL_TLSSet(thread_local_storage, value, 0);
318  *  }
319  *
320  *  void *GetMyThreadData(void)
321  *  {
322  *      return SDL_TLSGet(thread_local_storage);
323  *  }
324  *  \endcode
325  *
326  *  \sa SDL_TLSGet()
327  *  \sa SDL_TLSSet()
328  */
329 extern DECLSPEC SDL_TLSID SDLCALL SDL_TLSCreate(void);
330 
331 /**
332  *  \brief Get the value associated with a thread local storage ID for the current thread.
333  *
334  *  \param id The thread local storage ID
335  *
336  *  \return The value associated with the ID for the current thread, or NULL if no value has been set.
337  *
338  *  \sa SDL_TLSCreate()
339  *  \sa SDL_TLSSet()
340  */
341 extern DECLSPEC void * SDLCALL SDL_TLSGet(SDL_TLSID id);
342 
343 /**
344  *  \brief Set the value associated with a thread local storage ID for the current thread.
345  *
346  *  \param id The thread local storage ID
347  *  \param value The value to associate with the ID for the current thread
348  *  \param destructor A function called when the thread exits, to free the value.
349  *
350  *  \return 0 on success, -1 on error
351  *
352  *  \sa SDL_TLSCreate()
353  *  \sa SDL_TLSGet()
354  */
355 extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_TLSSet(SDL_TLSID id, const void *value, void (SDLCALL *destructor)(void*));
356 
357 
358 /* Ends C function definitions when using C++ */
359 #ifdef __cplusplus
360 }
361 #endif
362 #include "close_code.h"
363 
364 #endif /* SDL_thread_h_ */
365 
366 /* vi: set ts=4 sw=4 expandtab: */
367