1// <tuple> -*- C++ -*-
2
3// Copyright (C) 2007-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4//
5// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
6// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
9// any later version.
10
11// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14// GNU General Public License for more details.
15
16// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
17// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
18// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
19
20// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
21// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
22// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
23// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
24
25/** @file include/tuple
26 *  This is a Standard C++ Library header.
27 */
28
29#ifndef _GLIBCXX_TUPLE
30#define _GLIBCXX_TUPLE 1
31
32#pragma GCC system_header
33
34#if __cplusplus < 201103L
35# include <bits/c++0x_warning.h>
36#else
37
38#include <utility>
39#include <array>
40#include <bits/uses_allocator.h>
41#include <bits/invoke.h>
42#if __cplusplus > 201703L
43# include <compare>
44# define __cpp_lib_constexpr_tuple 201811L
45#endif
46
47namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
48{
49_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
50
51  /**
52   *  @addtogroup utilities
53   *  @{
54   */
55
56  template<typename... _Elements>
57    class tuple;
58
59  template<typename _Tp>
60    struct __is_empty_non_tuple : is_empty<_Tp> { };
61
62  // Using EBO for elements that are tuples causes ambiguous base errors.
63  template<typename _El0, typename... _El>
64    struct __is_empty_non_tuple<tuple<_El0, _El...>> : false_type { };
65
66  // Use the Empty Base-class Optimization for empty, non-final types.
67  template<typename _Tp>
68    using __empty_not_final
69    = typename conditional<__is_final(_Tp), false_type,
70			   __is_empty_non_tuple<_Tp>>::type;
71
72  template<std::size_t _Idx, typename _Head,
73	   bool = __empty_not_final<_Head>::value>
74    struct _Head_base;
75
76  template<std::size_t _Idx, typename _Head>
77    struct _Head_base<_Idx, _Head, true>
78    : public _Head
79    {
80      constexpr _Head_base()
81      : _Head() { }
82
83      constexpr _Head_base(const _Head& __h)
84      : _Head(__h) { }
85
86      constexpr _Head_base(const _Head_base&) = default;
87      constexpr _Head_base(_Head_base&&) = default;
88
89      template<typename _UHead>
90        constexpr _Head_base(_UHead&& __h)
91	: _Head(std::forward<_UHead>(__h)) { }
92
93      _Head_base(allocator_arg_t, __uses_alloc0)
94      : _Head() { }
95
96      template<typename _Alloc>
97	_Head_base(allocator_arg_t, __uses_alloc1<_Alloc> __a)
98	: _Head(allocator_arg, *__a._M_a) { }
99
100      template<typename _Alloc>
101	_Head_base(allocator_arg_t, __uses_alloc2<_Alloc> __a)
102	: _Head(*__a._M_a) { }
103
104      template<typename _UHead>
105	_Head_base(__uses_alloc0, _UHead&& __uhead)
106	: _Head(std::forward<_UHead>(__uhead)) { }
107
108      template<typename _Alloc, typename _UHead>
109	_Head_base(__uses_alloc1<_Alloc> __a, _UHead&& __uhead)
110	: _Head(allocator_arg, *__a._M_a, std::forward<_UHead>(__uhead)) { }
111
112      template<typename _Alloc, typename _UHead>
113	_Head_base(__uses_alloc2<_Alloc> __a, _UHead&& __uhead)
114	: _Head(std::forward<_UHead>(__uhead), *__a._M_a) { }
115
116      static constexpr _Head&
117      _M_head(_Head_base& __b) noexcept { return __b; }
118
119      static constexpr const _Head&
120      _M_head(const _Head_base& __b) noexcept { return __b; }
121    };
122
123  template<std::size_t _Idx, typename _Head>
124    struct _Head_base<_Idx, _Head, false>
125    {
126      constexpr _Head_base()
127      : _M_head_impl() { }
128
129      constexpr _Head_base(const _Head& __h)
130      : _M_head_impl(__h) { }
131
132      constexpr _Head_base(const _Head_base&) = default;
133      constexpr _Head_base(_Head_base&&) = default;
134
135      template<typename _UHead>
136        constexpr _Head_base(_UHead&& __h)
137	: _M_head_impl(std::forward<_UHead>(__h)) { }
138
139      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
140      _Head_base(allocator_arg_t, __uses_alloc0)
141      : _M_head_impl() { }
142
143      template<typename _Alloc>
144	_Head_base(allocator_arg_t, __uses_alloc1<_Alloc> __a)
145	: _M_head_impl(allocator_arg, *__a._M_a) { }
146
147      template<typename _Alloc>
148	_Head_base(allocator_arg_t, __uses_alloc2<_Alloc> __a)
149	: _M_head_impl(*__a._M_a) { }
150
151      template<typename _UHead>
152	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
153	_Head_base(__uses_alloc0, _UHead&& __uhead)
154	: _M_head_impl(std::forward<_UHead>(__uhead)) { }
155
156      template<typename _Alloc, typename _UHead>
157	_Head_base(__uses_alloc1<_Alloc> __a, _UHead&& __uhead)
158	: _M_head_impl(allocator_arg, *__a._M_a, std::forward<_UHead>(__uhead))
159	{ }
160
161      template<typename _Alloc, typename _UHead>
162	_Head_base(__uses_alloc2<_Alloc> __a, _UHead&& __uhead)
163	: _M_head_impl(std::forward<_UHead>(__uhead), *__a._M_a) { }
164
165      static constexpr _Head&
166      _M_head(_Head_base& __b) noexcept { return __b._M_head_impl; }
167
168      static constexpr const _Head&
169      _M_head(const _Head_base& __b) noexcept { return __b._M_head_impl; }
170
171      _Head _M_head_impl;
172    };
173
174  /**
175   * Contains the actual implementation of the @c tuple template, stored
176   * as a recursive inheritance hierarchy from the first element (most
177   * derived class) to the last (least derived class). The @c Idx
178   * parameter gives the 0-based index of the element stored at this
179   * point in the hierarchy; we use it to implement a constant-time
180   * get() operation.
181   */
182  template<std::size_t _Idx, typename... _Elements>
183    struct _Tuple_impl;
184
185  /**
186   * Recursive tuple implementation. Here we store the @c Head element
187   * and derive from a @c Tuple_impl containing the remaining elements
188   * (which contains the @c Tail).
189   */
190  template<std::size_t _Idx, typename _Head, typename... _Tail>
191    struct _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _Head, _Tail...>
192    : public _Tuple_impl<_Idx + 1, _Tail...>,
193      private _Head_base<_Idx, _Head>
194    {
195      template<std::size_t, typename...> friend class _Tuple_impl;
196
197      typedef _Tuple_impl<_Idx + 1, _Tail...> _Inherited;
198      typedef _Head_base<_Idx, _Head> _Base;
199
200      static constexpr _Head&
201      _M_head(_Tuple_impl& __t) noexcept { return _Base::_M_head(__t); }
202
203      static constexpr const _Head&
204      _M_head(const _Tuple_impl& __t) noexcept { return _Base::_M_head(__t); }
205
206      static constexpr _Inherited&
207      _M_tail(_Tuple_impl& __t) noexcept { return __t; }
208
209      static constexpr const _Inherited&
210      _M_tail(const _Tuple_impl& __t) noexcept { return __t; }
211
212      constexpr _Tuple_impl()
213      : _Inherited(), _Base() { }
214
215      explicit
216      constexpr _Tuple_impl(const _Head& __head, const _Tail&... __tail)
217      : _Inherited(__tail...), _Base(__head) { }
218
219      template<typename _UHead, typename... _UTail, typename = typename
220               enable_if<sizeof...(_Tail) == sizeof...(_UTail)>::type>
221        explicit
222        constexpr _Tuple_impl(_UHead&& __head, _UTail&&... __tail)
223	: _Inherited(std::forward<_UTail>(__tail)...),
224	  _Base(std::forward<_UHead>(__head)) { }
225
226      constexpr _Tuple_impl(const _Tuple_impl&) = default;
227
228      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
229      // 2729. Missing SFINAE on std::pair::operator=
230      _Tuple_impl& operator=(const _Tuple_impl&) = delete;
231
232      constexpr
233      _Tuple_impl(_Tuple_impl&& __in)
234      noexcept(__and_<is_nothrow_move_constructible<_Head>,
235	              is_nothrow_move_constructible<_Inherited>>::value)
236      : _Inherited(std::move(_M_tail(__in))),
237	_Base(std::forward<_Head>(_M_head(__in))) { }
238
239      template<typename... _UElements>
240        constexpr _Tuple_impl(const _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UElements...>& __in)
241	: _Inherited(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UElements...>::_M_tail(__in)),
242	  _Base(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UElements...>::_M_head(__in)) { }
243
244      template<typename _UHead, typename... _UTails>
245        constexpr _Tuple_impl(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead, _UTails...>&& __in)
246	: _Inherited(std::move
247		     (_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead, _UTails...>::_M_tail(__in))),
248	  _Base(std::forward<_UHead>
249		(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead, _UTails...>::_M_head(__in))) { }
250
251      template<typename _Alloc>
252	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
253	_Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a)
254	: _Inherited(__tag, __a),
255          _Base(__tag, __use_alloc<_Head>(__a)) { }
256
257      template<typename _Alloc>
258	_Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
259		    const _Head& __head, const _Tail&... __tail)
260	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, __tail...),
261          _Base(__use_alloc<_Head, _Alloc, _Head>(__a), __head) { }
262
263      template<typename _Alloc, typename _UHead, typename... _UTail,
264               typename = typename enable_if<sizeof...(_Tail)
265					     == sizeof...(_UTail)>::type>
266	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
267	_Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
268	            _UHead&& __head, _UTail&&... __tail)
269	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, std::forward<_UTail>(__tail)...),
270          _Base(__use_alloc<_Head, _Alloc, _UHead>(__a),
271	        std::forward<_UHead>(__head)) { }
272
273      template<typename _Alloc>
274	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
275        _Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
276	            const _Tuple_impl& __in)
277	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, _M_tail(__in)),
278          _Base(__use_alloc<_Head, _Alloc, _Head>(__a), _M_head(__in)) { }
279
280      template<typename _Alloc>
281	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
282	_Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
283	            _Tuple_impl&& __in)
284	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, std::move(_M_tail(__in))),
285	  _Base(__use_alloc<_Head, _Alloc, _Head>(__a),
286	        std::forward<_Head>(_M_head(__in))) { }
287
288      template<typename _Alloc, typename _UHead, typename... _UTails>
289	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
290	_Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
291		    const _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead, _UTails...>& __in)
292	: _Inherited(__tag, __a,
293		     _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead, _UTails...>::_M_tail(__in)),
294	  _Base(__use_alloc<_Head, _Alloc, const _UHead&>(__a),
295		_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead, _UTails...>::_M_head(__in)) { }
296
297      template<typename _Alloc, typename _UHead, typename... _UTails>
298	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
299	_Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
300	            _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead, _UTails...>&& __in)
301	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, std::move
302		     (_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead, _UTails...>::_M_tail(__in))),
303	  _Base(__use_alloc<_Head, _Alloc, _UHead>(__a),
304                std::forward<_UHead>
305		(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead, _UTails...>::_M_head(__in))) { }
306
307      template<typename... _UElements>
308	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
309        void
310        _M_assign(const _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UElements...>& __in)
311        {
312	  _M_head(*this) = _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UElements...>::_M_head(__in);
313	  _M_tail(*this)._M_assign(
314	      _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UElements...>::_M_tail(__in));
315	}
316
317      template<typename _UHead, typename... _UTails>
318	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
319        void
320        _M_assign(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead, _UTails...>&& __in)
321        {
322	  _M_head(*this) = std::forward<_UHead>
323	    (_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead, _UTails...>::_M_head(__in));
324	  _M_tail(*this)._M_assign(
325	      std::move(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead, _UTails...>::_M_tail(__in)));
326	}
327
328    protected:
329      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
330      void
331      _M_swap(_Tuple_impl& __in)
332      {
333	using std::swap;
334	swap(_M_head(*this), _M_head(__in));
335	_Inherited::_M_swap(_M_tail(__in));
336      }
337    };
338
339  // Basis case of inheritance recursion.
340  template<std::size_t _Idx, typename _Head>
341    struct _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _Head>
342    : private _Head_base<_Idx, _Head>
343    {
344      template<std::size_t, typename...> friend class _Tuple_impl;
345
346      typedef _Head_base<_Idx, _Head> _Base;
347
348      static constexpr _Head&
349      _M_head(_Tuple_impl& __t) noexcept { return _Base::_M_head(__t); }
350
351      static constexpr const _Head&
352      _M_head(const _Tuple_impl& __t) noexcept { return _Base::_M_head(__t); }
353
354      constexpr _Tuple_impl()
355      : _Base() { }
356
357      explicit
358      constexpr _Tuple_impl(const _Head& __head)
359      : _Base(__head) { }
360
361      template<typename _UHead>
362        explicit
363        constexpr _Tuple_impl(_UHead&& __head)
364	: _Base(std::forward<_UHead>(__head)) { }
365
366      constexpr _Tuple_impl(const _Tuple_impl&) = default;
367
368      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
369      // 2729. Missing SFINAE on std::pair::operator=
370      _Tuple_impl& operator=(const _Tuple_impl&) = delete;
371
372      constexpr
373      _Tuple_impl(_Tuple_impl&& __in)
374      noexcept(is_nothrow_move_constructible<_Head>::value)
375      : _Base(std::forward<_Head>(_M_head(__in))) { }
376
377      template<typename _UHead>
378        constexpr _Tuple_impl(const _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead>& __in)
379	: _Base(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead>::_M_head(__in)) { }
380
381      template<typename _UHead>
382        constexpr _Tuple_impl(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead>&& __in)
383	: _Base(std::forward<_UHead>(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead>::_M_head(__in)))
384	{ }
385
386      template<typename _Alloc>
387	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
388	_Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a)
389	: _Base(__tag, __use_alloc<_Head>(__a)) { }
390
391      template<typename _Alloc>
392	_Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
393		    const _Head& __head)
394	: _Base(__use_alloc<_Head, _Alloc, _Head>(__a), __head) { }
395
396      template<typename _Alloc, typename _UHead>
397	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
398	_Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
399	            _UHead&& __head)
400	: _Base(__use_alloc<_Head, _Alloc, _UHead>(__a),
401	        std::forward<_UHead>(__head)) { }
402
403      template<typename _Alloc>
404	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
405        _Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
406	            const _Tuple_impl& __in)
407	: _Base(__use_alloc<_Head, _Alloc, _Head>(__a), _M_head(__in)) { }
408
409      template<typename _Alloc>
410	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
411	_Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
412	            _Tuple_impl&& __in)
413	: _Base(__use_alloc<_Head, _Alloc, _Head>(__a),
414	        std::forward<_Head>(_M_head(__in))) { }
415
416      template<typename _Alloc, typename _UHead>
417	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
418	_Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
419	            const _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead>& __in)
420	: _Base(__use_alloc<_Head, _Alloc, const _UHead&>(__a),
421		_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead>::_M_head(__in)) { }
422
423      template<typename _Alloc, typename _UHead>
424	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
425	_Tuple_impl(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
426	            _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead>&& __in)
427	: _Base(__use_alloc<_Head, _Alloc, _UHead>(__a),
428                std::forward<_UHead>(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead>::_M_head(__in)))
429	{ }
430
431      template<typename _UHead>
432	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
433        void
434        _M_assign(const _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead>& __in)
435        {
436	  _M_head(*this) = _Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead>::_M_head(__in);
437	}
438
439      template<typename _UHead>
440	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
441        void
442        _M_assign(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead>&& __in)
443        {
444	  _M_head(*this)
445	    = std::forward<_UHead>(_Tuple_impl<_Idx, _UHead>::_M_head(__in));
446	}
447
448    protected:
449      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
450      void
451      _M_swap(_Tuple_impl& __in)
452      {
453	using std::swap;
454	swap(_M_head(*this), _M_head(__in));
455      }
456    };
457
458  // Concept utility functions, reused in conditionally-explicit
459  // constructors.
460  template<bool, typename... _Types>
461    struct _TupleConstraints
462    {
463      template<typename _Tp, typename _Up> // Workaround for PR 96592
464	using is_constructible
465	  = __bool_constant<__is_constructible(_Tp, _Up)>;
466
467      // Constraint for a non-explicit constructor.
468      // True iff each Ti in _Types... can be constructed from Ui in _UTypes...
469      // and every Ui is implicitly convertible to Ti.
470      template<typename... _UTypes>
471	static constexpr bool __is_implicitly_constructible()
472	{
473	  return __and_<is_constructible<_Types, _UTypes>...,
474			is_convertible<_UTypes, _Types>...
475			>::value;
476	}
477
478      // Constraint for a non-explicit constructor.
479      // True iff each Ti in _Types... can be constructed from Ui in _UTypes...
480      // but not every Ui is implicitly convertible to Ti.
481      template<typename... _UTypes>
482	static constexpr bool __is_explicitly_constructible()
483	{
484	  return __and_<is_constructible<_Types, _UTypes>...,
485			__not_<__and_<is_convertible<_UTypes, _Types>...>>
486			>::value;
487	}
488
489      static constexpr bool __is_implicitly_default_constructible()
490      {
491	return __and_<std::__is_implicitly_default_constructible<_Types>...
492		      >::value;
493      }
494
495      static constexpr bool __is_explicitly_default_constructible()
496      {
497	return __and_<is_default_constructible<_Types>...,
498		      __not_<__and_<
499			std::__is_implicitly_default_constructible<_Types>...>
500		      >>::value;
501      }
502    };
503
504  // Partial specialization used when a required precondition isn't met,
505  // e.g. when sizeof...(_Types) != sizeof...(_UTypes).
506  template<typename... _Types>
507    struct _TupleConstraints<false, _Types...>
508    {
509      template<typename... _UTypes>
510	static constexpr bool __is_implicitly_constructible()
511	{ return false; }
512
513      template<typename... _UTypes>
514	static constexpr bool __is_explicitly_constructible()
515	{ return false; }
516    };
517
518  /// Primary class template, tuple
519  template<typename... _Elements>
520    class tuple : public _Tuple_impl<0, _Elements...>
521    {
522      typedef _Tuple_impl<0, _Elements...> _Inherited;
523
524      template<bool _Cond>
525	using _TCC = _TupleConstraints<_Cond, _Elements...>;
526
527      // Constraint for non-explicit default constructor
528      template<bool _Dummy>
529	using _ImplicitDefaultCtor = __enable_if_t<
530	  _TCC<_Dummy>::__is_implicitly_default_constructible(),
531	  bool>;
532
533      // Constraint for explicit default constructor
534      template<bool _Dummy>
535	using _ExplicitDefaultCtor = __enable_if_t<
536	  _TCC<_Dummy>::__is_explicitly_default_constructible(),
537	  bool>;
538
539      // Constraint for non-explicit constructors
540      template<bool _Cond, typename... _Args>
541	using _ImplicitCtor = __enable_if_t<
542	  _TCC<_Cond>::template __is_implicitly_constructible<_Args...>(),
543	  bool>;
544
545      // Constraint for non-explicit constructors
546      template<bool _Cond, typename... _Args>
547	using _ExplicitCtor = __enable_if_t<
548	  _TCC<_Cond>::template __is_explicitly_constructible<_Args...>(),
549	  bool>;
550
551      template<typename... _UElements>
552	static constexpr
553	__enable_if_t<sizeof...(_UElements) == sizeof...(_Elements), bool>
554	__assignable()
555	{ return __and_<is_assignable<_Elements&, _UElements>...>::value; }
556
557      // Condition for noexcept-specifier of an assignment operator.
558      template<typename... _UElements>
559	static constexpr bool __nothrow_assignable()
560	{
561	  return
562	    __and_<is_nothrow_assignable<_Elements&, _UElements>...>::value;
563	}
564
565      // Condition for noexcept-specifier of a constructor.
566      template<typename... _UElements>
567	static constexpr bool __nothrow_constructible()
568	{
569	  return
570	    __and_<is_nothrow_constructible<_Elements, _UElements>...>::value;
571	}
572
573      // Constraint for tuple(_UTypes&&...) where sizeof...(_UTypes) == 1.
574      template<typename _Up>
575	static constexpr bool __valid_args()
576	{
577	  return sizeof...(_Elements) == 1
578	    && !is_same<tuple, __remove_cvref_t<_Up>>::value;
579	}
580
581      // Constraint for tuple(_UTypes&&...) where sizeof...(_UTypes) > 1.
582      template<typename, typename, typename... _Tail>
583	static constexpr bool __valid_args()
584	{ return (sizeof...(_Tail) + 2) == sizeof...(_Elements); }
585
586      /* Constraint for constructors with a tuple<UTypes...> parameter ensures
587       * that the constructor is only viable when it would not interfere with
588       * tuple(UTypes&&...) or tuple(const tuple&) or tuple(tuple&&).
589       * Such constructors are only viable if:
590       * either sizeof...(Types) != 1,
591       * or (when Types... expands to T and UTypes... expands to U)
592       * is_convertible_v<TUPLE, T>, is_constructible_v<T, TUPLE>,
593       * and is_same_v<T, U> are all false.
594       */
595      template<typename _Tuple, typename = tuple,
596	       typename = __remove_cvref_t<_Tuple>>
597	struct _UseOtherCtor
598	: false_type
599	{ };
600      // If TUPLE is convertible to the single element in *this,
601      // then TUPLE should match tuple(UTypes&&...) instead.
602      template<typename _Tuple, typename _Tp, typename _Up>
603	struct _UseOtherCtor<_Tuple, tuple<_Tp>, tuple<_Up>>
604	: __or_<is_convertible<_Tuple, _Tp>, is_constructible<_Tp, _Tuple>>
605	{ };
606      // If TUPLE and *this each have a single element of the same type,
607      // then TUPLE should match a copy/move constructor instead.
608      template<typename _Tuple, typename _Tp>
609	struct _UseOtherCtor<_Tuple, tuple<_Tp>, tuple<_Tp>>
610	: true_type
611	{ };
612
613      // Return true iff sizeof...(Types) == 1 && tuple_size_v<TUPLE> == 1
614      // and the single element in Types can be initialized from TUPLE,
615      // or is the same type as tuple_element_t<0, TUPLE>.
616      template<typename _Tuple>
617	static constexpr bool __use_other_ctor()
618	{ return _UseOtherCtor<_Tuple>::value; }
619
620    public:
621      template<typename _Dummy = void,
622	       _ImplicitDefaultCtor<is_void<_Dummy>::value> = true>
623	constexpr
624	tuple()
625	noexcept(__and_<is_nothrow_default_constructible<_Elements>...>::value)
626	: _Inherited() { }
627
628      template<typename _Dummy = void,
629	       _ExplicitDefaultCtor<is_void<_Dummy>::value> = false>
630	explicit constexpr
631	tuple()
632	noexcept(__and_<is_nothrow_default_constructible<_Elements>...>::value)
633	: _Inherited() { }
634
635      template<bool _NotEmpty = (sizeof...(_Elements) >= 1),
636	       _ImplicitCtor<_NotEmpty, const _Elements&...> = true>
637	constexpr
638	tuple(const _Elements&... __elements)
639	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<const _Elements&...>())
640	: _Inherited(__elements...) { }
641
642      template<bool _NotEmpty = (sizeof...(_Elements) >= 1),
643	       _ExplicitCtor<_NotEmpty, const _Elements&...> = false>
644	explicit constexpr
645	tuple(const _Elements&... __elements)
646	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<const _Elements&...>())
647	: _Inherited(__elements...) { }
648
649      template<typename... _UElements,
650	       bool _Valid = __valid_args<_UElements...>(),
651	       _ImplicitCtor<_Valid, _UElements...> = true>
652	constexpr
653	tuple(_UElements&&... __elements)
654	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<_UElements...>())
655	: _Inherited(std::forward<_UElements>(__elements)...) { }
656
657      template<typename... _UElements,
658	       bool _Valid = __valid_args<_UElements...>(),
659	       _ExplicitCtor<_Valid, _UElements...> = false>
660	explicit constexpr
661	tuple(_UElements&&... __elements)
662	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<_UElements...>())
663	: _Inherited(std::forward<_UElements>(__elements)...) {	}
664
665      constexpr tuple(const tuple&) = default;
666
667      constexpr tuple(tuple&&) = default;
668
669      template<typename... _UElements,
670	       bool _Valid = (sizeof...(_Elements) == sizeof...(_UElements))
671			   && !__use_other_ctor<const tuple<_UElements...>&>(),
672	       _ImplicitCtor<_Valid, const _UElements&...> = true>
673	constexpr
674	tuple(const tuple<_UElements...>& __in)
675	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<const _UElements&...>())
676	: _Inherited(static_cast<const _Tuple_impl<0, _UElements...>&>(__in))
677	{ }
678
679      template<typename... _UElements,
680	       bool _Valid = (sizeof...(_Elements) == sizeof...(_UElements))
681			   && !__use_other_ctor<const tuple<_UElements...>&>(),
682	       _ExplicitCtor<_Valid, const _UElements&...> = false>
683	explicit constexpr
684	tuple(const tuple<_UElements...>& __in)
685	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<const _UElements&...>())
686	: _Inherited(static_cast<const _Tuple_impl<0, _UElements...>&>(__in))
687	{ }
688
689      template<typename... _UElements,
690	       bool _Valid = (sizeof...(_Elements) == sizeof...(_UElements))
691			     && !__use_other_ctor<tuple<_UElements...>&&>(),
692	       _ImplicitCtor<_Valid, _UElements...> = true>
693	constexpr
694	tuple(tuple<_UElements...>&& __in)
695	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<_UElements...>())
696	: _Inherited(static_cast<_Tuple_impl<0, _UElements...>&&>(__in)) { }
697
698      template<typename... _UElements,
699	       bool _Valid = (sizeof...(_Elements) == sizeof...(_UElements))
700			     && !__use_other_ctor<tuple<_UElements...>&&>(),
701	       _ExplicitCtor<_Valid, _UElements...> = false>
702	explicit constexpr
703	tuple(tuple<_UElements...>&& __in)
704	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<_UElements...>())
705	: _Inherited(static_cast<_Tuple_impl<0, _UElements...>&&>(__in)) { }
706
707      // Allocator-extended constructors.
708
709      template<typename _Alloc,
710	       _ImplicitDefaultCtor<is_object<_Alloc>::value> = true>
711	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
712	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a)
713	: _Inherited(__tag, __a) { }
714
715      template<typename _Alloc, bool _NotEmpty = (sizeof...(_Elements) >= 1),
716	       _ImplicitCtor<_NotEmpty, const _Elements&...> = true>
717	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
718	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
719	      const _Elements&... __elements)
720	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, __elements...) { }
721
722      template<typename _Alloc, bool _NotEmpty = (sizeof...(_Elements) >= 1),
723	       _ExplicitCtor<_NotEmpty, const _Elements&...> = false>
724	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
725	explicit
726	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
727	      const _Elements&... __elements)
728	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, __elements...) { }
729
730      template<typename _Alloc, typename... _UElements,
731	       bool _Valid = __valid_args<_UElements...>(),
732	       _ImplicitCtor<_Valid, _UElements...> = true>
733	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
734	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
735	      _UElements&&... __elements)
736	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, std::forward<_UElements>(__elements)...)
737	{ }
738
739      template<typename _Alloc, typename... _UElements,
740		 bool _Valid = __valid_args<_UElements...>(),
741	       _ExplicitCtor<_Valid, _UElements...> = false>
742	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
743	explicit
744	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
745	      _UElements&&... __elements)
746	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, std::forward<_UElements>(__elements)...)
747	{ }
748
749      template<typename _Alloc>
750	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
751	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a, const tuple& __in)
752	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, static_cast<const _Inherited&>(__in)) { }
753
754      template<typename _Alloc>
755	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
756	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a, tuple&& __in)
757	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, static_cast<_Inherited&&>(__in)) { }
758
759      template<typename _Alloc, typename... _UElements,
760	       bool _Valid = (sizeof...(_Elements) == sizeof...(_UElements))
761			     && !__use_other_ctor<const tuple<_UElements...>&>(),
762	       _ImplicitCtor<_Valid, const _UElements&...> = true>
763	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
764	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
765	      const tuple<_UElements...>& __in)
766	: _Inherited(__tag, __a,
767	             static_cast<const _Tuple_impl<0, _UElements...>&>(__in))
768	{ }
769
770      template<typename _Alloc, typename... _UElements,
771	       bool _Valid = (sizeof...(_Elements) == sizeof...(_UElements))
772			     && !__use_other_ctor<const tuple<_UElements...>&>(),
773	       _ExplicitCtor<_Valid, const _UElements&...> = false>
774	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
775	explicit
776	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
777	      const tuple<_UElements...>& __in)
778	: _Inherited(__tag, __a,
779	             static_cast<const _Tuple_impl<0, _UElements...>&>(__in))
780	{ }
781
782      template<typename _Alloc, typename... _UElements,
783	       bool _Valid = (sizeof...(_Elements) == sizeof...(_UElements))
784			     && !__use_other_ctor<tuple<_UElements...>&&>(),
785	       _ImplicitCtor<_Valid, _UElements...> = true>
786	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
787	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
788	      tuple<_UElements...>&& __in)
789	: _Inherited(__tag, __a,
790	             static_cast<_Tuple_impl<0, _UElements...>&&>(__in))
791	{ }
792
793      template<typename _Alloc, typename... _UElements,
794	       bool _Valid = (sizeof...(_Elements) == sizeof...(_UElements))
795			     && !__use_other_ctor<tuple<_UElements...>&&>(),
796	       _ExplicitCtor<_Valid, _UElements...> = false>
797	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
798	explicit
799	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
800	      tuple<_UElements...>&& __in)
801	: _Inherited(__tag, __a,
802	             static_cast<_Tuple_impl<0, _UElements...>&&>(__in))
803	{ }
804
805      // tuple assignment
806
807      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
808      tuple&
809      operator=(typename conditional<__assignable<const _Elements&...>(),
810				     const tuple&,
811				     const __nonesuch&>::type __in)
812      noexcept(__nothrow_assignable<const _Elements&...>())
813      {
814	this->_M_assign(__in);
815	return *this;
816      }
817
818      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
819      tuple&
820      operator=(typename conditional<__assignable<_Elements...>(),
821				     tuple&&,
822				     __nonesuch&&>::type __in)
823      noexcept(__nothrow_assignable<_Elements...>())
824      {
825	this->_M_assign(std::move(__in));
826	return *this;
827      }
828
829      template<typename... _UElements>
830	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
831	__enable_if_t<__assignable<const _UElements&...>(), tuple&>
832	operator=(const tuple<_UElements...>& __in)
833	noexcept(__nothrow_assignable<const _UElements&...>())
834	{
835	  this->_M_assign(__in);
836	  return *this;
837	}
838
839      template<typename... _UElements>
840	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
841	__enable_if_t<__assignable<_UElements...>(), tuple&>
842	operator=(tuple<_UElements...>&& __in)
843	noexcept(__nothrow_assignable<_UElements...>())
844	{
845	  this->_M_assign(std::move(__in));
846	  return *this;
847	}
848
849      // tuple swap
850      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
851      void
852      swap(tuple& __in)
853      noexcept(__and_<__is_nothrow_swappable<_Elements>...>::value)
854      { _Inherited::_M_swap(__in); }
855    };
856
857#if __cpp_deduction_guides >= 201606
858  template<typename... _UTypes>
859    tuple(_UTypes...) -> tuple<_UTypes...>;
860  template<typename _T1, typename _T2>
861    tuple(pair<_T1, _T2>) -> tuple<_T1, _T2>;
862  template<typename _Alloc, typename... _UTypes>
863    tuple(allocator_arg_t, _Alloc, _UTypes...) -> tuple<_UTypes...>;
864  template<typename _Alloc, typename _T1, typename _T2>
865    tuple(allocator_arg_t, _Alloc, pair<_T1, _T2>) -> tuple<_T1, _T2>;
866  template<typename _Alloc, typename... _UTypes>
867    tuple(allocator_arg_t, _Alloc, tuple<_UTypes...>) -> tuple<_UTypes...>;
868#endif
869
870  // Explicit specialization, zero-element tuple.
871  template<>
872    class tuple<>
873    {
874    public:
875      void swap(tuple&) noexcept { /* no-op */ }
876      // We need the default since we're going to define no-op
877      // allocator constructors.
878      tuple() = default;
879      // No-op allocator constructors.
880      template<typename _Alloc>
881	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
882	tuple(allocator_arg_t, const _Alloc&) noexcept { }
883      template<typename _Alloc>
884	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
885	tuple(allocator_arg_t, const _Alloc&, const tuple&) noexcept { }
886    };
887
888  /// Partial specialization, 2-element tuple.
889  /// Includes construction and assignment from a pair.
890  template<typename _T1, typename _T2>
891    class tuple<_T1, _T2> : public _Tuple_impl<0, _T1, _T2>
892    {
893      typedef _Tuple_impl<0, _T1, _T2> _Inherited;
894
895      // Constraint for non-explicit default constructor
896      template<bool _Dummy, typename _U1, typename _U2>
897	using _ImplicitDefaultCtor = __enable_if_t<
898	  _TupleConstraints<_Dummy, _U1, _U2>::
899	    __is_implicitly_default_constructible(),
900	  bool>;
901
902      // Constraint for explicit default constructor
903      template<bool _Dummy, typename _U1, typename _U2>
904	using _ExplicitDefaultCtor = __enable_if_t<
905	  _TupleConstraints<_Dummy, _U1, _U2>::
906	    __is_explicitly_default_constructible(),
907	  bool>;
908
909      template<bool _Dummy>
910	using _TCC = _TupleConstraints<_Dummy, _T1, _T2>;
911
912      // Constraint for non-explicit constructors
913      template<bool _Cond, typename _U1, typename _U2>
914	using _ImplicitCtor = __enable_if_t<
915	  _TCC<_Cond>::template __is_implicitly_constructible<_U1, _U2>(),
916	  bool>;
917
918      // Constraint for non-explicit constructors
919      template<bool _Cond, typename _U1, typename _U2>
920	using _ExplicitCtor = __enable_if_t<
921	  _TCC<_Cond>::template __is_explicitly_constructible<_U1, _U2>(),
922	  bool>;
923
924      template<typename _U1, typename _U2>
925	static constexpr bool __assignable()
926	{
927	  return __and_<is_assignable<_T1&, _U1>,
928			is_assignable<_T2&, _U2>>::value;
929	}
930
931      template<typename _U1, typename _U2>
932	static constexpr bool __nothrow_assignable()
933	{
934	  return __and_<is_nothrow_assignable<_T1&, _U1>,
935			is_nothrow_assignable<_T2&, _U2>>::value;
936	}
937
938      template<typename _U1, typename _U2>
939	static constexpr bool __nothrow_constructible()
940	{
941	  return __and_<is_nothrow_constructible<_T1, _U1>,
942			    is_nothrow_constructible<_T2, _U2>>::value;
943	}
944
945      static constexpr bool __nothrow_default_constructible()
946      {
947	return __and_<is_nothrow_default_constructible<_T1>,
948		      is_nothrow_default_constructible<_T2>>::value;
949      }
950
951      template<typename _U1>
952	static constexpr bool __is_alloc_arg()
953	{ return is_same<__remove_cvref_t<_U1>, allocator_arg_t>::value; }
954
955    public:
956      template<bool _Dummy = true,
957	       _ImplicitDefaultCtor<_Dummy, _T1, _T2> = true>
958	constexpr
959	tuple()
960	noexcept(__nothrow_default_constructible())
961	: _Inherited() { }
962
963      template<bool _Dummy = true,
964	       _ExplicitDefaultCtor<_Dummy, _T1, _T2> = false>
965	explicit constexpr
966	tuple()
967	noexcept(__nothrow_default_constructible())
968	: _Inherited() { }
969
970      template<bool _Dummy = true,
971	       _ImplicitCtor<_Dummy, const _T1&, const _T2&> = true>
972	constexpr
973	tuple(const _T1& __a1, const _T2& __a2)
974	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<const _T1&, const _T2&>())
975	: _Inherited(__a1, __a2) { }
976
977      template<bool _Dummy = true,
978	       _ExplicitCtor<_Dummy, const _T1&, const _T2&> = false>
979	explicit constexpr
980	tuple(const _T1& __a1, const _T2& __a2)
981	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<const _T1&, const _T2&>())
982	: _Inherited(__a1, __a2) { }
983
984      template<typename _U1, typename _U2,
985	       _ImplicitCtor<!__is_alloc_arg<_U1>(), _U1, _U2> = true>
986	constexpr
987	tuple(_U1&& __a1, _U2&& __a2)
988	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<_U1, _U2>())
989	: _Inherited(std::forward<_U1>(__a1), std::forward<_U2>(__a2)) { }
990
991      template<typename _U1, typename _U2,
992	       _ExplicitCtor<!__is_alloc_arg<_U1>(), _U1, _U2> = false>
993	explicit constexpr
994	tuple(_U1&& __a1, _U2&& __a2)
995	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<_U1, _U2>())
996	: _Inherited(std::forward<_U1>(__a1), std::forward<_U2>(__a2)) { }
997
998      constexpr tuple(const tuple&) = default;
999
1000      constexpr tuple(tuple&&) = default;
1001
1002      template<typename _U1, typename _U2,
1003	       _ImplicitCtor<true, const _U1&, const _U2&> = true>
1004	constexpr
1005	tuple(const tuple<_U1, _U2>& __in)
1006	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<const _U1&, const _U2&>())
1007	: _Inherited(static_cast<const _Tuple_impl<0, _U1, _U2>&>(__in)) { }
1008
1009      template<typename _U1, typename _U2,
1010	       _ExplicitCtor<true, const _U1&, const _U2&> = false>
1011	explicit constexpr
1012	tuple(const tuple<_U1, _U2>& __in)
1013	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<const _U1&, const _U2&>())
1014	: _Inherited(static_cast<const _Tuple_impl<0, _U1, _U2>&>(__in)) { }
1015
1016      template<typename _U1, typename _U2,
1017	       _ImplicitCtor<true, _U1, _U2> = true>
1018	constexpr
1019	tuple(tuple<_U1, _U2>&& __in)
1020	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<_U1, _U2>())
1021	: _Inherited(static_cast<_Tuple_impl<0, _U1, _U2>&&>(__in)) { }
1022
1023      template<typename _U1, typename _U2,
1024	       _ExplicitCtor<true, _U1, _U2> = false>
1025	explicit constexpr
1026	tuple(tuple<_U1, _U2>&& __in)
1027	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<_U1, _U2>())
1028	: _Inherited(static_cast<_Tuple_impl<0, _U1, _U2>&&>(__in)) { }
1029
1030      template<typename _U1, typename _U2,
1031	       _ImplicitCtor<true, const _U1&, const _U2&> = true>
1032	constexpr
1033	tuple(const pair<_U1, _U2>& __in)
1034	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<const _U1&, const _U2&>())
1035	: _Inherited(__in.first, __in.second) { }
1036
1037      template<typename _U1, typename _U2,
1038	       _ExplicitCtor<true, const _U1&, const _U2&> = false>
1039	explicit constexpr
1040	tuple(const pair<_U1, _U2>& __in)
1041	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<const _U1&, const _U2&>())
1042	: _Inherited(__in.first, __in.second) { }
1043
1044      template<typename _U1, typename _U2,
1045	       _ImplicitCtor<true, _U1, _U2> = true>
1046	constexpr
1047	tuple(pair<_U1, _U2>&& __in)
1048	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<_U1, _U2>())
1049	: _Inherited(std::forward<_U1>(__in.first),
1050		     std::forward<_U2>(__in.second)) { }
1051
1052      template<typename _U1, typename _U2,
1053	       _ExplicitCtor<true, _U1, _U2> = false>
1054	explicit constexpr
1055	tuple(pair<_U1, _U2>&& __in)
1056	noexcept(__nothrow_constructible<_U1, _U2>())
1057	: _Inherited(std::forward<_U1>(__in.first),
1058		     std::forward<_U2>(__in.second)) { }
1059
1060      // Allocator-extended constructors.
1061
1062      template<typename _Alloc,
1063	       _ImplicitDefaultCtor<is_object<_Alloc>::value, _T1, _T2> = true>
1064	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1065	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a)
1066	: _Inherited(__tag, __a) { }
1067
1068      template<typename _Alloc, bool _Dummy = true,
1069	       _ImplicitCtor<_Dummy, const _T1&, const _T2&> = true>
1070	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1071	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
1072	      const _T1& __a1, const _T2& __a2)
1073	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, __a1, __a2) { }
1074
1075      template<typename _Alloc, bool _Dummy = true,
1076	       _ExplicitCtor<_Dummy, const _T1&, const _T2&> = false>
1077	explicit
1078	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1079	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
1080	      const _T1& __a1, const _T2& __a2)
1081	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, __a1, __a2) { }
1082
1083      template<typename _Alloc, typename _U1, typename _U2,
1084	       _ImplicitCtor<true, _U1, _U2> = true>
1085	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1086	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a, _U1&& __a1, _U2&& __a2)
1087	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, std::forward<_U1>(__a1),
1088	             std::forward<_U2>(__a2)) { }
1089
1090      template<typename _Alloc, typename _U1, typename _U2,
1091	       _ExplicitCtor<true, _U1, _U2> = false>
1092	explicit
1093	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1094	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
1095	      _U1&& __a1, _U2&& __a2)
1096	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, std::forward<_U1>(__a1),
1097	             std::forward<_U2>(__a2)) { }
1098
1099      template<typename _Alloc>
1100	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1101	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a, const tuple& __in)
1102	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, static_cast<const _Inherited&>(__in)) { }
1103
1104      template<typename _Alloc>
1105	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1106	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a, tuple&& __in)
1107	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, static_cast<_Inherited&&>(__in)) { }
1108
1109      template<typename _Alloc, typename _U1, typename _U2,
1110	       _ImplicitCtor<true, const _U1&, const _U2&> = true>
1111	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1112	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
1113	      const tuple<_U1, _U2>& __in)
1114	: _Inherited(__tag, __a,
1115	             static_cast<const _Tuple_impl<0, _U1, _U2>&>(__in))
1116	{ }
1117
1118      template<typename _Alloc, typename _U1, typename _U2,
1119	       _ExplicitCtor<true, const _U1&, const _U2&> = false>
1120	explicit
1121	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1122	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
1123	      const tuple<_U1, _U2>& __in)
1124	: _Inherited(__tag, __a,
1125	             static_cast<const _Tuple_impl<0, _U1, _U2>&>(__in))
1126	{ }
1127
1128      template<typename _Alloc, typename _U1, typename _U2,
1129	       _ImplicitCtor<true, _U1, _U2> = true>
1130	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1131	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a, tuple<_U1, _U2>&& __in)
1132	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, static_cast<_Tuple_impl<0, _U1, _U2>&&>(__in))
1133	{ }
1134
1135      template<typename _Alloc, typename _U1, typename _U2,
1136	       _ExplicitCtor<true, _U1, _U2> = false>
1137	explicit
1138	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1139	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a, tuple<_U1, _U2>&& __in)
1140	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, static_cast<_Tuple_impl<0, _U1, _U2>&&>(__in))
1141	{ }
1142
1143      template<typename _Alloc, typename _U1, typename _U2,
1144	       _ImplicitCtor<true, const _U1&, const _U2&> = true>
1145	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1146	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
1147	      const pair<_U1, _U2>& __in)
1148	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, __in.first, __in.second) { }
1149
1150      template<typename _Alloc, typename _U1, typename _U2,
1151	       _ExplicitCtor<true, const _U1&, const _U2&> = false>
1152	explicit
1153	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1154	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a,
1155	      const pair<_U1, _U2>& __in)
1156	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, __in.first, __in.second) { }
1157
1158      template<typename _Alloc, typename _U1, typename _U2,
1159	       _ImplicitCtor<true, _U1, _U2> = true>
1160	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1161	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a, pair<_U1, _U2>&& __in)
1162	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, std::forward<_U1>(__in.first),
1163		     std::forward<_U2>(__in.second)) { }
1164
1165      template<typename _Alloc, typename _U1, typename _U2,
1166	       _ExplicitCtor<true, _U1, _U2> = false>
1167	explicit
1168	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1169	tuple(allocator_arg_t __tag, const _Alloc& __a, pair<_U1, _U2>&& __in)
1170	: _Inherited(__tag, __a, std::forward<_U1>(__in.first),
1171		     std::forward<_U2>(__in.second)) { }
1172
1173      // Tuple assignment.
1174
1175      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1176      tuple&
1177      operator=(typename conditional<__assignable<const _T1&, const _T2&>(),
1178				     const tuple&,
1179				     const __nonesuch&>::type __in)
1180      noexcept(__nothrow_assignable<const _T1&, const _T2&>())
1181      {
1182	this->_M_assign(__in);
1183	return *this;
1184      }
1185
1186      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1187      tuple&
1188      operator=(typename conditional<__assignable<_T1, _T2>(),
1189				     tuple&&,
1190				     __nonesuch&&>::type __in)
1191      noexcept(__nothrow_assignable<_T1, _T2>())
1192      {
1193	this->_M_assign(std::move(__in));
1194	return *this;
1195      }
1196
1197      template<typename _U1, typename _U2>
1198	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1199	__enable_if_t<__assignable<const _U1&, const _U2&>(), tuple&>
1200	operator=(const tuple<_U1, _U2>& __in)
1201	noexcept(__nothrow_assignable<const _U1&, const _U2&>())
1202	{
1203	  this->_M_assign(__in);
1204	  return *this;
1205	}
1206
1207      template<typename _U1, typename _U2>
1208	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1209	__enable_if_t<__assignable<_U1, _U2>(), tuple&>
1210	operator=(tuple<_U1, _U2>&& __in)
1211	noexcept(__nothrow_assignable<_U1, _U2>())
1212	{
1213	  this->_M_assign(std::move(__in));
1214	  return *this;
1215	}
1216
1217      template<typename _U1, typename _U2>
1218	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1219	__enable_if_t<__assignable<const _U1&, const _U2&>(), tuple&>
1220	operator=(const pair<_U1, _U2>& __in)
1221	noexcept(__nothrow_assignable<const _U1&, const _U2&>())
1222	{
1223	  this->_M_head(*this) = __in.first;
1224	  this->_M_tail(*this)._M_head(*this) = __in.second;
1225	  return *this;
1226	}
1227
1228      template<typename _U1, typename _U2>
1229	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1230	__enable_if_t<__assignable<_U1, _U2>(), tuple&>
1231	operator=(pair<_U1, _U2>&& __in)
1232	noexcept(__nothrow_assignable<_U1, _U2>())
1233	{
1234	  this->_M_head(*this) = std::forward<_U1>(__in.first);
1235	  this->_M_tail(*this)._M_head(*this) = std::forward<_U2>(__in.second);
1236	  return *this;
1237	}
1238
1239      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1240      void
1241      swap(tuple& __in)
1242      noexcept(__and_<__is_nothrow_swappable<_T1>,
1243		      __is_nothrow_swappable<_T2>>::value)
1244      { _Inherited::_M_swap(__in); }
1245    };
1246
1247
1248  /// class tuple_size
1249  template<typename... _Elements>
1250    struct tuple_size<tuple<_Elements...>>
1251    : public integral_constant<std::size_t, sizeof...(_Elements)> { };
1252
1253#if __cplusplus > 201402L
1254  template <typename _Tp>
1255    inline constexpr size_t tuple_size_v = tuple_size<_Tp>::value;
1256#endif
1257
1258  /**
1259   * Recursive case for tuple_element: strip off the first element in
1260   * the tuple and retrieve the (i-1)th element of the remaining tuple.
1261   */
1262  template<std::size_t __i, typename _Head, typename... _Tail>
1263    struct tuple_element<__i, tuple<_Head, _Tail...> >
1264    : tuple_element<__i - 1, tuple<_Tail...> > { };
1265
1266  /**
1267   * Basis case for tuple_element: The first element is the one we're seeking.
1268   */
1269  template<typename _Head, typename... _Tail>
1270    struct tuple_element<0, tuple<_Head, _Tail...> >
1271    {
1272      typedef _Head type;
1273    };
1274
1275  /**
1276   * Error case for tuple_element: invalid index.
1277   */
1278  template<size_t __i>
1279    struct tuple_element<__i, tuple<>>
1280    {
1281      static_assert(__i < tuple_size<tuple<>>::value,
1282	  "tuple index is in range");
1283    };
1284
1285  template<std::size_t __i, typename _Head, typename... _Tail>
1286    constexpr _Head&
1287    __get_helper(_Tuple_impl<__i, _Head, _Tail...>& __t) noexcept
1288    { return _Tuple_impl<__i, _Head, _Tail...>::_M_head(__t); }
1289
1290  template<std::size_t __i, typename _Head, typename... _Tail>
1291    constexpr const _Head&
1292    __get_helper(const _Tuple_impl<__i, _Head, _Tail...>& __t) noexcept
1293    { return _Tuple_impl<__i, _Head, _Tail...>::_M_head(__t); }
1294
1295  /// Return a reference to the ith element of a tuple.
1296  template<std::size_t __i, typename... _Elements>
1297    constexpr __tuple_element_t<__i, tuple<_Elements...>>&
1298    get(tuple<_Elements...>& __t) noexcept
1299    { return std::__get_helper<__i>(__t); }
1300
1301  /// Return a const reference to the ith element of a const tuple.
1302  template<std::size_t __i, typename... _Elements>
1303    constexpr const __tuple_element_t<__i, tuple<_Elements...>>&
1304    get(const tuple<_Elements...>& __t) noexcept
1305    { return std::__get_helper<__i>(__t); }
1306
1307  /// Return an rvalue reference to the ith element of a tuple rvalue.
1308  template<std::size_t __i, typename... _Elements>
1309    constexpr __tuple_element_t<__i, tuple<_Elements...>>&&
1310    get(tuple<_Elements...>&& __t) noexcept
1311    {
1312      typedef __tuple_element_t<__i, tuple<_Elements...>> __element_type;
1313      return std::forward<__element_type&&>(std::get<__i>(__t));
1314    }
1315
1316  /// Return a const rvalue reference to the ith element of a const tuple rvalue.
1317  template<std::size_t __i, typename... _Elements>
1318    constexpr const __tuple_element_t<__i, tuple<_Elements...>>&&
1319    get(const tuple<_Elements...>&& __t) noexcept
1320    {
1321      typedef __tuple_element_t<__i, tuple<_Elements...>> __element_type;
1322      return std::forward<const __element_type&&>(std::get<__i>(__t));
1323    }
1324
1325#if __cplusplus >= 201402L
1326
1327#define __cpp_lib_tuples_by_type 201304
1328
1329  template<typename _Head, size_t __i, typename... _Tail>
1330    constexpr _Head&
1331    __get_helper2(_Tuple_impl<__i, _Head, _Tail...>& __t) noexcept
1332    { return _Tuple_impl<__i, _Head, _Tail...>::_M_head(__t); }
1333
1334  template<typename _Head, size_t __i, typename... _Tail>
1335    constexpr const _Head&
1336    __get_helper2(const _Tuple_impl<__i, _Head, _Tail...>& __t) noexcept
1337    { return _Tuple_impl<__i, _Head, _Tail...>::_M_head(__t); }
1338
1339  /// Return a reference to the unique element of type _Tp of a tuple.
1340  template <typename _Tp, typename... _Types>
1341    constexpr _Tp&
1342    get(tuple<_Types...>& __t) noexcept
1343    { return std::__get_helper2<_Tp>(__t); }
1344
1345  /// Return a reference to the unique element of type _Tp of a tuple rvalue.
1346  template <typename _Tp, typename... _Types>
1347    constexpr _Tp&&
1348    get(tuple<_Types...>&& __t) noexcept
1349    { return std::forward<_Tp&&>(std::__get_helper2<_Tp>(__t)); }
1350
1351  /// Return a const reference to the unique element of type _Tp of a tuple.
1352  template <typename _Tp, typename... _Types>
1353    constexpr const _Tp&
1354    get(const tuple<_Types...>& __t) noexcept
1355    { return std::__get_helper2<_Tp>(__t); }
1356
1357  /// Return a const reference to the unique element of type _Tp of
1358  /// a const tuple rvalue.
1359  template <typename _Tp, typename... _Types>
1360    constexpr const _Tp&&
1361    get(const tuple<_Types...>&& __t) noexcept
1362    { return std::forward<const _Tp&&>(std::__get_helper2<_Tp>(__t)); }
1363#endif
1364
1365  // This class performs the comparison operations on tuples
1366  template<typename _Tp, typename _Up, size_t __i, size_t __size>
1367    struct __tuple_compare
1368    {
1369      static constexpr bool
1370      __eq(const _Tp& __t, const _Up& __u)
1371      {
1372	return bool(std::get<__i>(__t) == std::get<__i>(__u))
1373	  && __tuple_compare<_Tp, _Up, __i + 1, __size>::__eq(__t, __u);
1374      }
1375
1376      static constexpr bool
1377      __less(const _Tp& __t, const _Up& __u)
1378      {
1379	return bool(std::get<__i>(__t) < std::get<__i>(__u))
1380	  || (!bool(std::get<__i>(__u) < std::get<__i>(__t))
1381	      && __tuple_compare<_Tp, _Up, __i + 1, __size>::__less(__t, __u));
1382      }
1383    };
1384
1385  template<typename _Tp, typename _Up, size_t __size>
1386    struct __tuple_compare<_Tp, _Up, __size, __size>
1387    {
1388      static constexpr bool
1389      __eq(const _Tp&, const _Up&) { return true; }
1390
1391      static constexpr bool
1392      __less(const _Tp&, const _Up&) { return false; }
1393    };
1394
1395  template<typename... _TElements, typename... _UElements>
1396    constexpr bool
1397    operator==(const tuple<_TElements...>& __t,
1398	       const tuple<_UElements...>& __u)
1399    {
1400      static_assert(sizeof...(_TElements) == sizeof...(_UElements),
1401	  "tuple objects can only be compared if they have equal sizes.");
1402      using __compare = __tuple_compare<tuple<_TElements...>,
1403					tuple<_UElements...>,
1404					0, sizeof...(_TElements)>;
1405      return __compare::__eq(__t, __u);
1406    }
1407
1408#if __cpp_lib_three_way_comparison
1409  template<typename _Cat, typename _Tp, typename _Up>
1410    constexpr _Cat
1411    __tuple_cmp(const _Tp&, const _Up&, index_sequence<>)
1412    { return _Cat::equivalent; }
1413
1414  template<typename _Cat, typename _Tp, typename _Up,
1415	   size_t _Idx0, size_t... _Idxs>
1416    constexpr _Cat
1417    __tuple_cmp(const _Tp& __t, const _Up& __u,
1418		index_sequence<_Idx0, _Idxs...>)
1419    {
1420      auto __c
1421	= __detail::__synth3way(std::get<_Idx0>(__t), std::get<_Idx0>(__u));
1422      if (__c != 0)
1423	return __c;
1424      return std::__tuple_cmp<_Cat>(__t, __u, index_sequence<_Idxs...>());
1425    }
1426
1427  template<typename... _Tps, typename... _Ups>
1428    constexpr
1429    common_comparison_category_t<__detail::__synth3way_t<_Tps, _Ups>...>
1430    operator<=>(const tuple<_Tps...>& __t, const tuple<_Ups...>& __u)
1431    {
1432      using _Cat
1433	= common_comparison_category_t<__detail::__synth3way_t<_Tps, _Ups>...>;
1434      return std::__tuple_cmp<_Cat>(__t, __u, index_sequence_for<_Tps...>());
1435    }
1436#else
1437  template<typename... _TElements, typename... _UElements>
1438    constexpr bool
1439    operator<(const tuple<_TElements...>& __t,
1440	      const tuple<_UElements...>& __u)
1441    {
1442      static_assert(sizeof...(_TElements) == sizeof...(_UElements),
1443	  "tuple objects can only be compared if they have equal sizes.");
1444      using __compare = __tuple_compare<tuple<_TElements...>,
1445					tuple<_UElements...>,
1446					0, sizeof...(_TElements)>;
1447      return __compare::__less(__t, __u);
1448    }
1449
1450  template<typename... _TElements, typename... _UElements>
1451    constexpr bool
1452    operator!=(const tuple<_TElements...>& __t,
1453	       const tuple<_UElements...>& __u)
1454    { return !(__t == __u); }
1455
1456  template<typename... _TElements, typename... _UElements>
1457    constexpr bool
1458    operator>(const tuple<_TElements...>& __t,
1459	      const tuple<_UElements...>& __u)
1460    { return __u < __t; }
1461
1462  template<typename... _TElements, typename... _UElements>
1463    constexpr bool
1464    operator<=(const tuple<_TElements...>& __t,
1465	       const tuple<_UElements...>& __u)
1466    { return !(__u < __t); }
1467
1468  template<typename... _TElements, typename... _UElements>
1469    constexpr bool
1470    operator>=(const tuple<_TElements...>& __t,
1471	       const tuple<_UElements...>& __u)
1472    { return !(__t < __u); }
1473#endif // three_way_comparison
1474
1475  // NB: DR 705.
1476  template<typename... _Elements>
1477    constexpr tuple<typename __decay_and_strip<_Elements>::__type...>
1478    make_tuple(_Elements&&... __args)
1479    {
1480      typedef tuple<typename __decay_and_strip<_Elements>::__type...>
1481	__result_type;
1482      return __result_type(std::forward<_Elements>(__args)...);
1483    }
1484
1485  // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1486  // 2275. Why is forward_as_tuple not constexpr?
1487  /// std::forward_as_tuple
1488  template<typename... _Elements>
1489    constexpr tuple<_Elements&&...>
1490    forward_as_tuple(_Elements&&... __args) noexcept
1491    { return tuple<_Elements&&...>(std::forward<_Elements>(__args)...); }
1492
1493  template<size_t, typename, typename, size_t>
1494    struct __make_tuple_impl;
1495
1496  template<size_t _Idx, typename _Tuple, typename... _Tp, size_t _Nm>
1497    struct __make_tuple_impl<_Idx, tuple<_Tp...>, _Tuple, _Nm>
1498    : __make_tuple_impl<_Idx + 1,
1499			tuple<_Tp..., __tuple_element_t<_Idx, _Tuple>>,
1500			_Tuple, _Nm>
1501    { };
1502
1503  template<std::size_t _Nm, typename _Tuple, typename... _Tp>
1504    struct __make_tuple_impl<_Nm, tuple<_Tp...>, _Tuple, _Nm>
1505    {
1506      typedef tuple<_Tp...> __type;
1507    };
1508
1509  template<typename _Tuple>
1510    struct __do_make_tuple
1511    : __make_tuple_impl<0, tuple<>, _Tuple, std::tuple_size<_Tuple>::value>
1512    { };
1513
1514  // Returns the std::tuple equivalent of a tuple-like type.
1515  template<typename _Tuple>
1516    struct __make_tuple
1517    : public __do_make_tuple<__remove_cvref_t<_Tuple>>
1518    { };
1519
1520  // Combines several std::tuple's into a single one.
1521  template<typename...>
1522    struct __combine_tuples;
1523
1524  template<>
1525    struct __combine_tuples<>
1526    {
1527      typedef tuple<> __type;
1528    };
1529
1530  template<typename... _Ts>
1531    struct __combine_tuples<tuple<_Ts...>>
1532    {
1533      typedef tuple<_Ts...> __type;
1534    };
1535
1536  template<typename... _T1s, typename... _T2s, typename... _Rem>
1537    struct __combine_tuples<tuple<_T1s...>, tuple<_T2s...>, _Rem...>
1538    {
1539      typedef typename __combine_tuples<tuple<_T1s..., _T2s...>,
1540					_Rem...>::__type __type;
1541    };
1542
1543  // Computes the result type of tuple_cat given a set of tuple-like types.
1544  template<typename... _Tpls>
1545    struct __tuple_cat_result
1546    {
1547      typedef typename __combine_tuples
1548        <typename __make_tuple<_Tpls>::__type...>::__type __type;
1549    };
1550
1551  // Helper to determine the index set for the first tuple-like
1552  // type of a given set.
1553  template<typename...>
1554    struct __make_1st_indices;
1555
1556  template<>
1557    struct __make_1st_indices<>
1558    {
1559      typedef std::_Index_tuple<> __type;
1560    };
1561
1562  template<typename _Tp, typename... _Tpls>
1563    struct __make_1st_indices<_Tp, _Tpls...>
1564    {
1565      typedef typename std::_Build_index_tuple<std::tuple_size<
1566	typename std::remove_reference<_Tp>::type>::value>::__type __type;
1567    };
1568
1569  // Performs the actual concatenation by step-wise expanding tuple-like
1570  // objects into the elements,  which are finally forwarded into the
1571  // result tuple.
1572  template<typename _Ret, typename _Indices, typename... _Tpls>
1573    struct __tuple_concater;
1574
1575  template<typename _Ret, std::size_t... _Is, typename _Tp, typename... _Tpls>
1576    struct __tuple_concater<_Ret, std::_Index_tuple<_Is...>, _Tp, _Tpls...>
1577    {
1578      template<typename... _Us>
1579        static constexpr _Ret
1580        _S_do(_Tp&& __tp, _Tpls&&... __tps, _Us&&... __us)
1581        {
1582	  typedef typename __make_1st_indices<_Tpls...>::__type __idx;
1583	  typedef __tuple_concater<_Ret, __idx, _Tpls...>      __next;
1584	  return __next::_S_do(std::forward<_Tpls>(__tps)...,
1585			       std::forward<_Us>(__us)...,
1586			       std::get<_Is>(std::forward<_Tp>(__tp))...);
1587	}
1588    };
1589
1590  template<typename _Ret>
1591    struct __tuple_concater<_Ret, std::_Index_tuple<>>
1592    {
1593      template<typename... _Us>
1594	static constexpr _Ret
1595	_S_do(_Us&&... __us)
1596        {
1597	  return _Ret(std::forward<_Us>(__us)...);
1598	}
1599    };
1600
1601  /// tuple_cat
1602  template<typename... _Tpls, typename = typename
1603           enable_if<__and_<__is_tuple_like<_Tpls>...>::value>::type>
1604    constexpr auto
1605    tuple_cat(_Tpls&&... __tpls)
1606    -> typename __tuple_cat_result<_Tpls...>::__type
1607    {
1608      typedef typename __tuple_cat_result<_Tpls...>::__type __ret;
1609      typedef typename __make_1st_indices<_Tpls...>::__type __idx;
1610      typedef __tuple_concater<__ret, __idx, _Tpls...> __concater;
1611      return __concater::_S_do(std::forward<_Tpls>(__tpls)...);
1612    }
1613
1614  // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1615  // 2301. Why is tie not constexpr?
1616  /// tie
1617  template<typename... _Elements>
1618    constexpr tuple<_Elements&...>
1619    tie(_Elements&... __args) noexcept
1620    { return tuple<_Elements&...>(__args...); }
1621
1622  /// swap
1623  template<typename... _Elements>
1624    _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1625    inline
1626#if __cplusplus > 201402L || !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) // c++1z or gnu++11
1627    // Constrained free swap overload, see p0185r1
1628    typename enable_if<__and_<__is_swappable<_Elements>...>::value
1629      >::type
1630#else
1631    void
1632#endif
1633    swap(tuple<_Elements...>& __x, tuple<_Elements...>& __y)
1634    noexcept(noexcept(__x.swap(__y)))
1635    { __x.swap(__y); }
1636
1637#if __cplusplus > 201402L || !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) // c++1z or gnu++11
1638  template<typename... _Elements>
1639    _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1640    typename enable_if<!__and_<__is_swappable<_Elements>...>::value>::type
1641    swap(tuple<_Elements...>&, tuple<_Elements...>&) = delete;
1642#endif
1643
1644  // A class (and instance) which can be used in 'tie' when an element
1645  // of a tuple is not required.
1646  // _GLIBCXX14_CONSTEXPR
1647  // 2933. PR for LWG 2773 could be clearer
1648  struct _Swallow_assign
1649  {
1650    template<class _Tp>
1651      _GLIBCXX14_CONSTEXPR const _Swallow_assign&
1652      operator=(const _Tp&) const
1653      { return *this; }
1654  };
1655
1656  // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1657  // 2773. Making std::ignore constexpr
1658  _GLIBCXX17_INLINE constexpr _Swallow_assign ignore{};
1659
1660  /// Partial specialization for tuples
1661  template<typename... _Types, typename _Alloc>
1662    struct uses_allocator<tuple<_Types...>, _Alloc> : true_type { };
1663
1664  // See stl_pair.h...
1665  /** "piecewise construction" using a tuple of arguments for each member.
1666   *
1667   * @param __first Arguments for the first member of the pair.
1668   * @param __second Arguments for the second member of the pair.
1669   *
1670   * The elements of each tuple will be used as the constructor arguments
1671   * for the data members of the pair.
1672  */
1673  template<class _T1, class _T2>
1674    template<typename... _Args1, typename... _Args2>
1675      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1676      inline
1677      pair<_T1, _T2>::
1678      pair(piecewise_construct_t,
1679	   tuple<_Args1...> __first, tuple<_Args2...> __second)
1680      : pair(__first, __second,
1681	     typename _Build_index_tuple<sizeof...(_Args1)>::__type(),
1682	     typename _Build_index_tuple<sizeof...(_Args2)>::__type())
1683      { }
1684
1685  template<class _T1, class _T2>
1686    template<typename... _Args1, std::size_t... _Indexes1,
1687             typename... _Args2, std::size_t... _Indexes2>
1688      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR inline
1689      pair<_T1, _T2>::
1690      pair(tuple<_Args1...>& __tuple1, tuple<_Args2...>& __tuple2,
1691	   _Index_tuple<_Indexes1...>, _Index_tuple<_Indexes2...>)
1692      : first(std::forward<_Args1>(std::get<_Indexes1>(__tuple1))...),
1693        second(std::forward<_Args2>(std::get<_Indexes2>(__tuple2))...)
1694      { }
1695
1696#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
1697
1698  // Unpack a std::tuple into a type trait and use its value.
1699  // For cv std::tuple<_Up> the result is _Trait<_Tp, cv _Up...>::value.
1700  // For cv std::tuple<_Up>& the result is _Trait<_Tp, cv _Up&...>::value.
1701  // Otherwise the result is false (because we don't know if std::get throws).
1702  template<template<typename...> class _Trait, typename _Tp, typename _Tuple>
1703    inline constexpr bool __unpack_std_tuple = false;
1704
1705  template<template<typename...> class _Trait, typename _Tp, typename... _Up>
1706    inline constexpr bool __unpack_std_tuple<_Trait, _Tp, tuple<_Up...>>
1707      = _Trait<_Tp, _Up...>::value;
1708
1709  template<template<typename...> class _Trait, typename _Tp, typename... _Up>
1710    inline constexpr bool __unpack_std_tuple<_Trait, _Tp, tuple<_Up...>&>
1711      = _Trait<_Tp, _Up&...>::value;
1712
1713  template<template<typename...> class _Trait, typename _Tp, typename... _Up>
1714    inline constexpr bool __unpack_std_tuple<_Trait, _Tp, const tuple<_Up...>>
1715      = _Trait<_Tp, const _Up...>::value;
1716
1717  template<template<typename...> class _Trait, typename _Tp, typename... _Up>
1718    inline constexpr bool __unpack_std_tuple<_Trait, _Tp, const tuple<_Up...>&>
1719      = _Trait<_Tp, const _Up&...>::value;
1720
1721# define __cpp_lib_apply 201603
1722
1723  template <typename _Fn, typename _Tuple, size_t... _Idx>
1724    constexpr decltype(auto)
1725    __apply_impl(_Fn&& __f, _Tuple&& __t, index_sequence<_Idx...>)
1726    {
1727      return std::__invoke(std::forward<_Fn>(__f),
1728			   std::get<_Idx>(std::forward<_Tuple>(__t))...);
1729    }
1730
1731  template <typename _Fn, typename _Tuple>
1732    constexpr decltype(auto)
1733    apply(_Fn&& __f, _Tuple&& __t)
1734    noexcept(__unpack_std_tuple<is_nothrow_invocable, _Fn, _Tuple>)
1735    {
1736      using _Indices
1737	= make_index_sequence<tuple_size_v<remove_reference_t<_Tuple>>>;
1738      return std::__apply_impl(std::forward<_Fn>(__f),
1739			       std::forward<_Tuple>(__t),
1740			       _Indices{});
1741    }
1742
1743#define __cpp_lib_make_from_tuple  201606
1744
1745  template <typename _Tp, typename _Tuple, size_t... _Idx>
1746    constexpr _Tp
1747    __make_from_tuple_impl(_Tuple&& __t, index_sequence<_Idx...>)
1748    { return _Tp(std::get<_Idx>(std::forward<_Tuple>(__t))...); }
1749
1750  template <typename _Tp, typename _Tuple>
1751    constexpr _Tp
1752    make_from_tuple(_Tuple&& __t)
1753    noexcept(__unpack_std_tuple<is_nothrow_constructible, _Tp, _Tuple>)
1754    {
1755      return __make_from_tuple_impl<_Tp>(
1756        std::forward<_Tuple>(__t),
1757	make_index_sequence<tuple_size_v<remove_reference_t<_Tuple>>>{});
1758    }
1759#endif // C++17
1760
1761  /// @}
1762
1763_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1764} // namespace std
1765
1766#endif // C++11
1767
1768#endif // _GLIBCXX_TUPLE
1769