1 // <utility> -*- C++ -*-
2 
3 // Copyright (C) 2001-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 //
5 // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
6 // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7 // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8 // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
9 // any later version.
10 
11 // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14 // GNU General Public License for more details.
15 
16 // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
17 // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
18 // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
19 
20 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
21 // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
22 // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
23 // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
24 
25 /*
26  *
27  * Copyright (c) 1994
28  * Hewlett-Packard Company
29  *
30  * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
31  * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
32  * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
33  * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
34  * in supporting documentation.  Hewlett-Packard Company makes no
35  * representations about the suitability of this software for any
36  * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
37  *
38  *
39  * Copyright (c) 1996,1997
40  * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.
41  *
42  * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
43  * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
44  * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
45  * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
46  * in supporting documentation.  Silicon Graphics makes no
47  * representations about the suitability of this software for any
48  * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
49  */
50 
51 /** @file include/utility
52  *  This is a Standard C++ Library header.
53  */
54 
55 #ifndef _GLIBCXX_UTILITY
56 #define _GLIBCXX_UTILITY 1
57 
58 #pragma GCC system_header
59 
60 /**
61  * @defgroup utilities Utilities
62  *
63  * Components deemed generally useful. Includes pair, tuple,
64  * forward/move helpers, ratio, function object, metaprogramming and
65  * type traits, time, date, and memory functions.
66  */
67 
68 #include <bits/c++config.h>
69 #include <bits/stl_relops.h>
70 #include <bits/stl_pair.h>
71 
72 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
73 
74 #include <type_traits>
75 #include <bits/move.h>
76 #include <initializer_list>
77 
78 #if __cplusplus > 201703L
79 #include <ext/numeric_traits.h>
80 #endif
81 
82 namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
83 {
84 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
85 
86   /// Finds the size of a given tuple type.
87   template<typename _Tp>
88     struct tuple_size;
89 
90   // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
91   // 2313. tuple_size should always derive from integral_constant<size_t, N>
92   // 2770. tuple_size<const T> specialization is not SFINAE compatible
93 
94   template<typename _Tp,
95 	   typename _Up = typename remove_cv<_Tp>::type,
96 	   typename = typename enable_if<is_same<_Tp, _Up>::value>::type,
97 	   size_t = tuple_size<_Tp>::value>
98     using __enable_if_has_tuple_size = _Tp;
99 
100   template<typename _Tp>
101     struct tuple_size<const __enable_if_has_tuple_size<_Tp>>
102     : public tuple_size<_Tp> { };
103 
104   template<typename _Tp>
105     struct tuple_size<volatile __enable_if_has_tuple_size<_Tp>>
106     : public tuple_size<_Tp> { };
107 
108   template<typename _Tp>
109     struct tuple_size<const volatile __enable_if_has_tuple_size<_Tp>>
110     : public tuple_size<_Tp> { };
111 
112   /// Gives the type of the ith element of a given tuple type.
113   template<size_t __i, typename _Tp>
114     struct tuple_element;
115 
116   // Duplicate of C++14's tuple_element_t for internal use in C++11 mode
117   template<size_t __i, typename _Tp>
118     using __tuple_element_t = typename tuple_element<__i, _Tp>::type;
119 
120   template<size_t __i, typename _Tp>
121     struct tuple_element<__i, const _Tp>
122     {
123       typedef typename add_const<__tuple_element_t<__i, _Tp>>::type type;
124     };
125 
126   template<size_t __i, typename _Tp>
127     struct tuple_element<__i, volatile _Tp>
128     {
129       typedef typename add_volatile<__tuple_element_t<__i, _Tp>>::type type;
130     };
131 
132   template<size_t __i, typename _Tp>
133     struct tuple_element<__i, const volatile _Tp>
134     {
135       typedef typename add_cv<__tuple_element_t<__i, _Tp>>::type type;
136     };
137 
138 #if __cplusplus >= 201402L
139 // The standard says this macro and alias template should be in <tuple>
140 // but we define them here, to be available when the partial specializations
141 // of tuple_element<pair<T,U>> and tuple_element<array<T,N>> are defined.
142 #define __cpp_lib_tuple_element_t 201402L
143 
144   template<size_t __i, typename _Tp>
145     using tuple_element_t = typename tuple_element<__i, _Tp>::type;
146 #endif
147 
148   // Various functions which give std::pair a tuple-like interface.
149 
150   /// Partial specialization for std::pair
151   template<typename _T1, typename _T2>
152     struct __is_tuple_like_impl<pair<_T1, _T2>> : true_type
153     { };
154 
155   /// Partial specialization for std::pair
156   template<class _Tp1, class _Tp2>
157     struct tuple_size<pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>>
158     : public integral_constant<size_t, 2> { };
159 
160   /// Partial specialization for std::pair
161   template<class _Tp1, class _Tp2>
162     struct tuple_element<0, pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>>
163     { typedef _Tp1 type; };
164 
165   /// Partial specialization for std::pair
166   template<class _Tp1, class _Tp2>
167     struct tuple_element<1, pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>>
168     { typedef _Tp2 type; };
169 
170   template<size_t _Int>
171     struct __pair_get;
172 
173   template<>
174     struct __pair_get<0>
175     {
176       template<typename _Tp1, typename _Tp2>
177 	static constexpr _Tp1&
178 	__get(pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>& __pair) noexcept
179 	{ return __pair.first; }
180 
181       template<typename _Tp1, typename _Tp2>
182 	static constexpr _Tp1&&
183 	__move_get(pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>&& __pair) noexcept
184 	{ return std::forward<_Tp1>(__pair.first); }
185 
186       template<typename _Tp1, typename _Tp2>
187 	static constexpr const _Tp1&
188 	__const_get(const pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>& __pair) noexcept
189 	{ return __pair.first; }
190 
191       template<typename _Tp1, typename _Tp2>
192 	static constexpr const _Tp1&&
193 	__const_move_get(const pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>&& __pair) noexcept
194 	{ return std::forward<const _Tp1>(__pair.first); }
195     };
196 
197   template<>
198     struct __pair_get<1>
199     {
200       template<typename _Tp1, typename _Tp2>
201 	static constexpr _Tp2&
202 	__get(pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>& __pair) noexcept
203 	{ return __pair.second; }
204 
205       template<typename _Tp1, typename _Tp2>
206 	static constexpr _Tp2&&
207 	__move_get(pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>&& __pair) noexcept
208 	{ return std::forward<_Tp2>(__pair.second); }
209 
210       template<typename _Tp1, typename _Tp2>
211 	static constexpr const _Tp2&
212 	__const_get(const pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>& __pair) noexcept
213 	{ return __pair.second; }
214 
215       template<typename _Tp1, typename _Tp2>
216 	static constexpr const _Tp2&&
217 	__const_move_get(const pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>&& __pair) noexcept
218 	{ return std::forward<const _Tp2>(__pair.second); }
219     };
220 
221   template<size_t _Int, class _Tp1, class _Tp2>
222     constexpr typename tuple_element<_Int, pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>>::type&
223     get(pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>& __in) noexcept
224     { return __pair_get<_Int>::__get(__in); }
225 
226   template<size_t _Int, class _Tp1, class _Tp2>
227     constexpr typename tuple_element<_Int, pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>>::type&&
228     get(pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>&& __in) noexcept
229     { return __pair_get<_Int>::__move_get(std::move(__in)); }
230 
231   template<size_t _Int, class _Tp1, class _Tp2>
232     constexpr const typename tuple_element<_Int, pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>>::type&
233     get(const pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>& __in) noexcept
234     { return __pair_get<_Int>::__const_get(__in); }
235 
236   template<size_t _Int, class _Tp1, class _Tp2>
237     constexpr const typename tuple_element<_Int, pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>>::type&&
238     get(const pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>&& __in) noexcept
239     { return __pair_get<_Int>::__const_move_get(std::move(__in)); }
240 
241 #if __cplusplus >= 201402L
242 
243 #define __cpp_lib_tuples_by_type 201304
244 
245   template <typename _Tp, typename _Up>
246     constexpr _Tp&
247     get(pair<_Tp, _Up>& __p) noexcept
248     { return __p.first; }
249 
250   template <typename _Tp, typename _Up>
251     constexpr const _Tp&
252     get(const pair<_Tp, _Up>& __p) noexcept
253     { return __p.first; }
254 
255   template <typename _Tp, typename _Up>
256     constexpr _Tp&&
257     get(pair<_Tp, _Up>&& __p) noexcept
258     { return std::move(__p.first); }
259 
260   template <typename _Tp, typename _Up>
261     constexpr const _Tp&&
262     get(const pair<_Tp, _Up>&& __p) noexcept
263     { return std::move(__p.first); }
264 
265   template <typename _Tp, typename _Up>
266     constexpr _Tp&
267     get(pair<_Up, _Tp>& __p) noexcept
268     { return __p.second; }
269 
270   template <typename _Tp, typename _Up>
271     constexpr const _Tp&
272     get(const pair<_Up, _Tp>& __p) noexcept
273     { return __p.second; }
274 
275   template <typename _Tp, typename _Up>
276     constexpr _Tp&&
277     get(pair<_Up, _Tp>&& __p) noexcept
278     { return std::move(__p.second); }
279 
280   template <typename _Tp, typename _Up>
281     constexpr const _Tp&&
282     get(const pair<_Up, _Tp>&& __p) noexcept
283     { return std::move(__p.second); }
284 
285 #define __cpp_lib_exchange_function 201304
286 
287   /// Assign @p __new_val to @p __obj and return its previous value.
288   template <typename _Tp, typename _Up = _Tp>
289     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
290     inline _Tp
291     exchange(_Tp& __obj, _Up&& __new_val)
292     { return std::__exchange(__obj, std::forward<_Up>(__new_val)); }
293 
294 #endif // C++14
295 
296   // Stores a tuple of indices.  Used by tuple and pair, and by bind() to
297   // extract the elements in a tuple.
298   template<size_t... _Indexes> struct _Index_tuple { };
299 
300   // Builds an _Index_tuple<0, 1, 2, ..., _Num-1>.
301   template<size_t _Num>
302     struct _Build_index_tuple
303     {
304 #if __has_builtin(__make_integer_seq)
305       template<typename, size_t... _Indices>
306         using _IdxTuple = _Index_tuple<_Indices...>;
307 
308       // Clang defines __make_integer_seq for this purpose.
309       using __type = __make_integer_seq<_IdxTuple, size_t, _Num>;
310 #else
311       // For GCC and other compilers, use __integer_pack instead.
312       using __type = _Index_tuple<__integer_pack(_Num)...>;
313 #endif
314     };
315 
316 #if __cplusplus >= 201402L
317 
318 #define __cpp_lib_integer_sequence 201304
319 
320   /// Class template integer_sequence
321   template<typename _Tp, _Tp... _Idx>
322     struct integer_sequence
323     {
324       typedef _Tp value_type;
325       static constexpr size_t size() noexcept { return sizeof...(_Idx); }
326     };
327 
328   /// Alias template make_integer_sequence
329   template<typename _Tp, _Tp _Num>
330     using make_integer_sequence
331 #if __has_builtin(__make_integer_seq)
332       = __make_integer_seq<integer_sequence, _Tp, _Num>;
333 #else
334       = integer_sequence<_Tp, __integer_pack(_Num)...>;
335 #endif
336 
337   /// Alias template index_sequence
338   template<size_t... _Idx>
339     using index_sequence = integer_sequence<size_t, _Idx...>;
340 
341   /// Alias template make_index_sequence
342   template<size_t _Num>
343     using make_index_sequence = make_integer_sequence<size_t, _Num>;
344 
345   /// Alias template index_sequence_for
346   template<typename... _Types>
347     using index_sequence_for = make_index_sequence<sizeof...(_Types)>;
348 #endif
349 
350 #if __cplusplus > 201402L
351 
352   struct in_place_t {
353     explicit in_place_t() = default;
354   };
355 
356   inline constexpr in_place_t in_place{};
357 
358   template<typename _Tp> struct in_place_type_t
359   {
360     explicit in_place_type_t() = default;
361   };
362 
363   template<typename _Tp>
364     inline constexpr in_place_type_t<_Tp> in_place_type{};
365 
366   template<size_t _Idx> struct in_place_index_t
367   {
368     explicit in_place_index_t() = default;
369   };
370 
371   template<size_t _Idx>
372     inline constexpr in_place_index_t<_Idx> in_place_index{};
373 
374   template<typename>
375     struct __is_in_place_type_impl : false_type
376     { };
377 
378   template<typename _Tp>
379     struct __is_in_place_type_impl<in_place_type_t<_Tp>> : true_type
380     { };
381 
382   template<typename _Tp>
383     struct __is_in_place_type
384       : public __is_in_place_type_impl<_Tp>
385     { };
386 
387 #define  __cpp_lib_as_const 201510
388   template<typename _Tp>
389     [[nodiscard]]
390     constexpr add_const_t<_Tp>&
391     as_const(_Tp& __t) noexcept
392     { return __t; }
393 
394   template<typename _Tp>
395     void as_const(const _Tp&&) = delete;
396 
397 #if __cplusplus > 201703L
398 #define __cpp_lib_integer_comparison_functions 202002L
399 
400   template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
401     constexpr bool
402     cmp_equal(_Tp __t, _Up __u) noexcept
403     {
404       static_assert(__is_standard_integer<_Tp>::value);
405       static_assert(__is_standard_integer<_Up>::value);
406 
407       if constexpr (is_signed_v<_Tp> == is_signed_v<_Up>)
408 	return __t == __u;
409       else if constexpr (is_signed_v<_Tp>)
410 	return __t >= 0 && make_unsigned_t<_Tp>(__t) == __u;
411       else
412 	return __u >= 0 && __t == make_unsigned_t<_Up>(__u);
413     }
414 
415   template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
416     constexpr bool
417     cmp_not_equal(_Tp __t, _Up __u) noexcept
418     { return !std::cmp_equal(__t, __u); }
419 
420   template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
421     constexpr bool
422     cmp_less(_Tp __t, _Up __u) noexcept
423     {
424       static_assert(__is_standard_integer<_Tp>::value);
425       static_assert(__is_standard_integer<_Up>::value);
426 
427       if constexpr (is_signed_v<_Tp> == is_signed_v<_Up>)
428 	return __t < __u;
429       else if constexpr (is_signed_v<_Tp>)
430 	return __t < 0 || make_unsigned_t<_Tp>(__t) < __u;
431       else
432 	return __u >= 0 && __t < make_unsigned_t<_Up>(__u);
433     }
434 
435   template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
436     constexpr bool
437     cmp_greater(_Tp __t, _Up __u) noexcept
438     { return std::cmp_less(__u, __t); }
439 
440   template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
441     constexpr bool
442     cmp_less_equal(_Tp __t, _Up __u) noexcept
443     { return !std::cmp_less(__u, __t); }
444 
445   template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
446     constexpr bool
447     cmp_greater_equal(_Tp __t, _Up __u) noexcept
448     { return !std::cmp_less(__t, __u); }
449 
450   template<typename _Up, typename _Tp>
451     constexpr bool
452     in_range(_Tp __t) noexcept
453     {
454       static_assert(__is_standard_integer<_Up>::value);
455       static_assert(__is_standard_integer<_Tp>::value);
456       using __gnu_cxx::__int_traits;
457 
458       if constexpr (is_signed_v<_Tp> == is_signed_v<_Up>)
459 	return __int_traits<_Up>::__min <= __t
460 	  && __t <= __int_traits<_Up>::__max;
461       else if constexpr (is_signed_v<_Tp>)
462 	return __t >= 0
463 	  && make_unsigned_t<_Tp>(__t) <= __int_traits<_Up>::__max;
464       else
465 	return __t <= make_unsigned_t<_Up>(__int_traits<_Up>::__max);
466     }
467 
468 #if __cplusplus > 202002L
469 #define __cpp_lib_to_underlying 202102L
470   /// Convert an object of enumeration type to its underlying type.
471   template<typename _Tp>
472     [[nodiscard]]
473     constexpr underlying_type_t<_Tp>
474     to_underlying(_Tp __value) noexcept
475     { return static_cast<underlying_type_t<_Tp>>(__value); }
476 #endif // C++23
477 #endif // C++20
478 #endif // C++17
479 
480 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
481 } // namespace
482 
483 #endif
484 
485 #endif /* _GLIBCXX_UTILITY */
486