1 // Allocators -*- C++ -*-
2 
3 // Copyright (C) 2001-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 //
5 // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
6 // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7 // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8 // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
9 // any later version.
10 
11 // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14 // GNU General Public License for more details.
15 
16 // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
17 // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
18 // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
19 
20 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
21 // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
22 // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
23 // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
24 
25 /*
26  * Copyright (c) 1996-1997
27  * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.
28  *
29  * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
30  * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
31  * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
32  * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
33  * in supporting documentation.  Silicon Graphics makes no
34  * representations about the suitability of this software for any
35  * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
36  */
37 
38 /** @file ext/pool_allocator.h
39  *  This file is a GNU extension to the Standard C++ Library.
40  */
41 
42 #ifndef _POOL_ALLOCATOR_H
43 #define _POOL_ALLOCATOR_H 1
44 
45 #include <bits/c++config.h>
46 #include <cstdlib>
47 #include <new>
48 #include <bits/functexcept.h>
49 #include <ext/atomicity.h>
50 #include <ext/concurrence.h>
51 #include <bits/move.h>
52 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
53 #include <type_traits>
54 #endif
55 
_GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)56 namespace __gnu_cxx _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
57 {
58 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
59 
60   using std::size_t;
61   using std::ptrdiff_t;
62 
63   /**
64    *  @brief  Base class for __pool_alloc.
65    *
66    *  Uses various allocators to fulfill underlying requests (and makes as
67    *  few requests as possible when in default high-speed pool mode).
68    *
69    *  Important implementation properties:
70    *  0. If globally mandated, then allocate objects from new
71    *  1. If the clients request an object of size > _S_max_bytes, the resulting
72    *     object will be obtained directly from new
73    *  2. In all other cases, we allocate an object of size exactly
74    *     _S_round_up(requested_size).  Thus the client has enough size
75    *     information that we can return the object to the proper free list
76    *     without permanently losing part of the object.
77    */
78     class __pool_alloc_base
79     {
80     protected:
81 
82       enum { _S_align = 8 };
83       enum { _S_max_bytes = 128 };
84       enum { _S_free_list_size = (size_t)_S_max_bytes / (size_t)_S_align };
85 
86       union _Obj
87       {
88 	union _Obj* _M_free_list_link;
89 	char        _M_client_data[1];    // The client sees this.
90       };
91 
92       static _Obj* volatile         _S_free_list[_S_free_list_size];
93 
94       // Chunk allocation state.
95       static char*                  _S_start_free;
96       static char*                  _S_end_free;
97       static size_t                 _S_heap_size;
98 
99       size_t
100       _M_round_up(size_t __bytes)
101       { return ((__bytes + (size_t)_S_align - 1) & ~((size_t)_S_align - 1)); }
102 
103       _GLIBCXX_CONST _Obj* volatile*
104       _M_get_free_list(size_t __bytes) throw ();
105 
106       __mutex&
107       _M_get_mutex() throw ();
108 
109       // Returns an object of size __n, and optionally adds to size __n
110       // free list.
111       void*
112       _M_refill(size_t __n);
113 
114       // Allocates a chunk for nobjs of size size.  nobjs may be reduced
115       // if it is inconvenient to allocate the requested number.
116       char*
117       _M_allocate_chunk(size_t __n, int& __nobjs);
118     };
119 
120 
121   /**
122    * @brief  Allocator using a memory pool with a single lock.
123    * @ingroup allocators
124    */
125   template<typename _Tp>
126     class __pool_alloc : private __pool_alloc_base
127     {
128     private:
129       static _Atomic_word	    _S_force_new;
130 
131     public:
132       typedef size_t     size_type;
133       typedef ptrdiff_t  difference_type;
134       typedef _Tp*       pointer;
135       typedef const _Tp* const_pointer;
136       typedef _Tp&       reference;
137       typedef const _Tp& const_reference;
138       typedef _Tp        value_type;
139 
140       template<typename _Tp1>
141         struct rebind
142         { typedef __pool_alloc<_Tp1> other; };
143 
144 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
145       // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
146       // 2103. propagate_on_container_move_assignment
147       typedef std::true_type propagate_on_container_move_assignment;
148 #endif
149 
150       __pool_alloc() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT { }
151 
152       __pool_alloc(const __pool_alloc&) _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT { }
153 
154       template<typename _Tp1>
155         __pool_alloc(const __pool_alloc<_Tp1>&) _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT { }
156 
157       ~__pool_alloc() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT { }
158 
159       pointer
160       address(reference __x) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
161       { return std::__addressof(__x); }
162 
163       const_pointer
164       address(const_reference __x) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
165       { return std::__addressof(__x); }
166 
167       size_type
168       max_size() const _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT
169       { return size_t(-1) / sizeof(_Tp); }
170 
171 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
172       template<typename _Up, typename... _Args>
173         void
174         construct(_Up* __p, _Args&&... __args)
175 	{ ::new((void *)__p) _Up(std::forward<_Args>(__args)...); }
176 
177       template<typename _Up>
178         void
179         destroy(_Up* __p) { __p->~_Up(); }
180 #else
181       // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
182       // 402. wrong new expression in [some_] allocator::construct
183       void
184       construct(pointer __p, const _Tp& __val)
185       { ::new((void *)__p) _Tp(__val); }
186 
187       void
188       destroy(pointer __p) { __p->~_Tp(); }
189 #endif
190 
191       pointer
192       allocate(size_type __n, const void* = 0);
193 
194       void
195       deallocate(pointer __p, size_type __n);
196     };
197 
198   template<typename _Tp>
199     inline bool
200     operator==(const __pool_alloc<_Tp>&, const __pool_alloc<_Tp>&)
201     { return true; }
202 
203   template<typename _Tp>
204     inline bool
205     operator!=(const __pool_alloc<_Tp>&, const __pool_alloc<_Tp>&)
206     { return false; }
207 
208   template<typename _Tp>
209     _Atomic_word
210     __pool_alloc<_Tp>::_S_force_new;
211 
212   template<typename _Tp>
213     _Tp*
214     __pool_alloc<_Tp>::allocate(size_type __n, const void*)
215     {
216       pointer __ret = 0;
217       if (__builtin_expect(__n != 0, true))
218 	{
219 	  if (__n > this->max_size())
220 	    std::__throw_bad_alloc();
221 
222 	  // If there is a race through here, assume answer from getenv
223 	  // will resolve in same direction.  Inspired by techniques
224 	  // to efficiently support threading found in basic_string.h.
225 	  if (_S_force_new == 0)
226 	    {
227 	      if (std::getenv("GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW"))
228 		__atomic_add_dispatch(&_S_force_new, 1);
229 	      else
230 		__atomic_add_dispatch(&_S_force_new, -1);
231 	    }
232 
233 	  const size_t __bytes = __n * sizeof(_Tp);
234 	  if (__bytes > size_t(_S_max_bytes) || _S_force_new > 0)
235 	    __ret = static_cast<_Tp*>(::operator new(__bytes));
236 	  else
237 	    {
238 	      _Obj* volatile* __free_list = _M_get_free_list(__bytes);
239 
240 	      __scoped_lock sentry(_M_get_mutex());
241 	      _Obj* __restrict__ __result = *__free_list;
242 	      if (__builtin_expect(__result == 0, 0))
243 		__ret = static_cast<_Tp*>(_M_refill(_M_round_up(__bytes)));
244 	      else
245 		{
246 		  *__free_list = __result->_M_free_list_link;
247 		  __ret = reinterpret_cast<_Tp*>(__result);
248 		}
249 	      if (__ret == 0)
250 		std::__throw_bad_alloc();
251 	    }
252 	}
253       return __ret;
254     }
255 
256   template<typename _Tp>
257     void
258     __pool_alloc<_Tp>::deallocate(pointer __p, size_type __n)
259     {
260       if (__builtin_expect(__n != 0 && __p != 0, true))
261 	{
262 	  const size_t __bytes = __n * sizeof(_Tp);
263 	  if (__bytes > static_cast<size_t>(_S_max_bytes) || _S_force_new > 0)
264 	    ::operator delete(__p);
265 	  else
266 	    {
267 	      _Obj* volatile* __free_list = _M_get_free_list(__bytes);
268 	      _Obj* __q = reinterpret_cast<_Obj*>(__p);
269 
270 	      __scoped_lock sentry(_M_get_mutex());
271 	      __q ->_M_free_list_link = *__free_list;
272 	      *__free_list = __q;
273 	    }
274 	}
275     }
276 
277 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
278 } // namespace
279 
280 #endif
281