1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
2 /*
3   Interval Trees
4   (C) 2012  Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
5 
6 
7   include/linux/interval_tree_generic.h
8 */
9 
10 #include <linux/rbtree_augmented.h>
11 
12 /*
13  * Template for implementing interval trees
14  *
15  * ITSTRUCT:   struct type of the interval tree nodes
16  * ITRB:       name of struct rb_node field within ITSTRUCT
17  * ITTYPE:     type of the interval endpoints
18  * ITSUBTREE:  name of ITTYPE field within ITSTRUCT holding last-in-subtree
19  * ITSTART(n): start endpoint of ITSTRUCT node n
20  * ITLAST(n):  last endpoint of ITSTRUCT node n
21  * ITSTATIC:   'static' or empty
22  * ITPREFIX:   prefix to use for the inline tree definitions
23  *
24  * Note - before using this, please consider if generic version
25  * (interval_tree.h) would work for you...
26  */
27 
28 #define INTERVAL_TREE_DEFINE(ITSTRUCT, ITRB, ITTYPE, ITSUBTREE,		      \
29 			     ITSTART, ITLAST, ITSTATIC, ITPREFIX)	      \
30 									      \
31 /* Callbacks for augmented rbtree insert and remove */			      \
32 									      \
33 RB_DECLARE_CALLBACKS_MAX(static, ITPREFIX ## _augment,			      \
34 			 ITSTRUCT, ITRB, ITTYPE, ITSUBTREE, ITLAST)	      \
35 									      \
36 /* Insert / remove interval nodes from the tree */			      \
37 									      \
38 ITSTATIC void ITPREFIX ## _insert(ITSTRUCT *node,			      \
39 				  struct rb_root_cached *root)	 	      \
40 {									      \
41 	struct rb_node **link = &root->rb_root.rb_node, *rb_parent = NULL;    \
42 	ITTYPE start = ITSTART(node), last = ITLAST(node);		      \
43 	ITSTRUCT *parent;						      \
44 	bool leftmost = true;						      \
45 									      \
46 	while (*link) {							      \
47 		rb_parent = *link;					      \
48 		parent = rb_entry(rb_parent, ITSTRUCT, ITRB);		      \
49 		if (parent->ITSUBTREE < last)				      \
50 			parent->ITSUBTREE = last;			      \
51 		if (start < ITSTART(parent))				      \
52 			link = &parent->ITRB.rb_left;			      \
53 		else {							      \
54 			link = &parent->ITRB.rb_right;			      \
55 			leftmost = false;				      \
56 		}							      \
57 	}								      \
58 									      \
59 	node->ITSUBTREE = last;						      \
60 	rb_link_node(&node->ITRB, rb_parent, link);			      \
61 	rb_insert_augmented_cached(&node->ITRB, root,			      \
62 				   leftmost, &ITPREFIX ## _augment);	      \
63 }									      \
64 									      \
65 ITSTATIC void ITPREFIX ## _remove(ITSTRUCT *node,			      \
66 				  struct rb_root_cached *root)		      \
67 {									      \
68 	rb_erase_augmented_cached(&node->ITRB, root, &ITPREFIX ## _augment);  \
69 }									      \
70 									      \
71 /*									      \
72  * Iterate over intervals intersecting [start;last]			      \
73  *									      \
74  * Note that a node's interval intersects [start;last] iff:		      \
75  *   Cond1: ITSTART(node) <= last					      \
76  * and									      \
77  *   Cond2: start <= ITLAST(node)					      \
78  */									      \
79 									      \
80 static ITSTRUCT *							      \
81 ITPREFIX ## _subtree_search(ITSTRUCT *node, ITTYPE start, ITTYPE last)	      \
82 {									      \
83 	while (true) {							      \
84 		/*							      \
85 		 * Loop invariant: start <= node->ITSUBTREE		      \
86 		 * (Cond2 is satisfied by one of the subtree nodes)	      \
87 		 */							      \
88 		if (node->ITRB.rb_left) {				      \
89 			ITSTRUCT *left = rb_entry(node->ITRB.rb_left,	      \
90 						  ITSTRUCT, ITRB);	      \
91 			if (start <= left->ITSUBTREE) {			      \
92 				/*					      \
93 				 * Some nodes in left subtree satisfy Cond2.  \
94 				 * Iterate to find the leftmost such node N.  \
95 				 * If it also satisfies Cond1, that's the     \
96 				 * match we are looking for. Otherwise, there \
97 				 * is no matching interval as nodes to the    \
98 				 * right of N can't satisfy Cond1 either.     \
99 				 */					      \
100 				node = left;				      \
101 				continue;				      \
102 			}						      \
103 		}							      \
104 		if (ITSTART(node) <= last) {		/* Cond1 */	      \
105 			if (start <= ITLAST(node))	/* Cond2 */	      \
106 				return node;	/* node is leftmost match */  \
107 			if (node->ITRB.rb_right) {			      \
108 				node = rb_entry(node->ITRB.rb_right,	      \
109 						ITSTRUCT, ITRB);	      \
110 				if (start <= node->ITSUBTREE)		      \
111 					continue;			      \
112 			}						      \
113 		}							      \
114 		return NULL;	/* No match */				      \
115 	}								      \
116 }									      \
117 									      \
118 ITSTATIC ITSTRUCT *							      \
119 ITPREFIX ## _iter_first(struct rb_root_cached *root,			      \
120 			ITTYPE start, ITTYPE last)			      \
121 {									      \
122 	ITSTRUCT *node, *leftmost;					      \
123 									      \
124 	if (!root->rb_root.rb_node)					      \
125 		return NULL;						      \
126 									      \
127 	/*								      \
128 	 * Fastpath range intersection/overlap between A: [a0, a1] and	      \
129 	 * B: [b0, b1] is given by:					      \
130 	 *								      \
131 	 *         a0 <= b1 && b0 <= a1					      \
132 	 *								      \
133 	 *  ... where A holds the lock range and B holds the smallest	      \
134 	 * 'start' and largest 'last' in the tree. For the later, we	      \
135 	 * rely on the root node, which by augmented interval tree	      \
136 	 * property, holds the largest value in its last-in-subtree.	      \
137 	 * This allows mitigating some of the tree walk overhead for	      \
138 	 * for non-intersecting ranges, maintained and consulted in O(1).     \
139 	 */								      \
140 	node = rb_entry(root->rb_root.rb_node, ITSTRUCT, ITRB);		      \
141 	if (node->ITSUBTREE < start)					      \
142 		return NULL;						      \
143 									      \
144 	leftmost = rb_entry(root->rb_leftmost, ITSTRUCT, ITRB);		      \
145 	if (ITSTART(leftmost) > last)					      \
146 		return NULL;						      \
147 									      \
148 	return ITPREFIX ## _subtree_search(node, start, last);		      \
149 }									      \
150 									      \
151 ITSTATIC ITSTRUCT *							      \
152 ITPREFIX ## _iter_next(ITSTRUCT *node, ITTYPE start, ITTYPE last)	      \
153 {									      \
154 	struct rb_node *rb = node->ITRB.rb_right, *prev;		      \
155 									      \
156 	while (true) {							      \
157 		/*							      \
158 		 * Loop invariants:					      \
159 		 *   Cond1: ITSTART(node) <= last			      \
160 		 *   rb == node->ITRB.rb_right				      \
161 		 *							      \
162 		 * First, search right subtree if suitable		      \
163 		 */							      \
164 		if (rb) {						      \
165 			ITSTRUCT *right = rb_entry(rb, ITSTRUCT, ITRB);	      \
166 			if (start <= right->ITSUBTREE)			      \
167 				return ITPREFIX ## _subtree_search(right,     \
168 								start, last); \
169 		}							      \
170 									      \
171 		/* Move up the tree until we come from a node's left child */ \
172 		do {							      \
173 			rb = rb_parent(&node->ITRB);			      \
174 			if (!rb)					      \
175 				return NULL;				      \
176 			prev = &node->ITRB;				      \
177 			node = rb_entry(rb, ITSTRUCT, ITRB);		      \
178 			rb = node->ITRB.rb_right;			      \
179 		} while (prev == rb);					      \
180 									      \
181 		/* Check if the node intersects [start;last] */		      \
182 		if (last < ITSTART(node))		/* !Cond1 */	      \
183 			return NULL;					      \
184 		else if (start <= ITLAST(node))		/* Cond2 */	      \
185 			return node;					      \
186 	}								      \
187 }
188